Biology
Endocrine and Exocrine Glands
594 Questions
The endocrine and exocrine glands topic explores the human body's essential secreting structures, including the pituitary, thyroid, and salivary glands. Questions often focus on gland locations, their specific secretions, and crucial physiological functions. This subject is a core component of the general science syllabus across many highly competitive examinations.
Master endocrine glandsPituitary gland locationSalivary gland functionsThyroid and ductless glandsApocrine sweat glands
Endocrine and Exocrine Glands Questions
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Zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata, zona reticularis
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Zona reticularis, zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata
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Zona fasciculata, zona glomerulosa, zona reticularis
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Zona reticularis, zona fasciculata, zona glomerulosa
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Zona glomerulosa, zona reticularis, zona fasciculata
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Zona glomerulosa is the outermost layer of adrenal cortex. It is the major site for aldosterone synthesis and secretion, which is responsible for regulation of blood pressure. Zona fasciculata is the middle layer, which is responsible for secretion of glucocorticoids like cortisole, corticosterone, etc. The innermost layer is zona reticularis, which is responsible for secretion of androgens.
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Meibomian glands
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Lacrimal glands
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Krause glands
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Wolfring glands
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Zeis glands
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The meibomian glands or tarsal glands are a special kind of sebaceous gland at the rim of the eyelids inside the tarsal plate, responsible for the supply of meibum which is an oily substance that prevents evaporation of the eye's tear film.
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Meibomian glands
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Lacrimal glands
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Krause glands
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Wolfring glands
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Zeis glands
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Ciaccio glands or wolfring glands are small, tubular, accessory lacrimal glands found in the lacrimal caruncle of the eyelid. They are located in the upper border of the tarsus approximately in the middle between the extremities of the tarsal glands. Sometimes, they are situated slightly above the tarsus.
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Lacrimal glands
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Adrenal glands
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Sebaceous glands
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Salivary glands
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Thyroid gland
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Lacrimal glands, that are present in our eyes, produce tears.
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Only a and c
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Only b and c
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Only a and b
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Only b and d
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Only a and d
A
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct option. Adrenal glands and hypothalamus do not have both exocrine and endocrine functions. Adrenal glands function only as endocrine glands and secrete adrenal hormones. Hypothalamus functions only as endocrine gland and regulates the functioning of the pituitary glands.
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Pancreas
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Parathyroid gland
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Adrenal glands
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Pituitary glands
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Testes
C
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct option. Adrenaline hormone released from adrenal glands prepares the body for emergency situations like danger, anger, excitement, etc.
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Only a and b
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Only b and c
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Only a and c
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Only a and d
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Only c and d
E
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct option. Sweat glands and salivary glands are exocrine glands.
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theria
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utheria
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metatheria
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prototheria
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Prototherians (monotremes like platypus and echidna) have mammary glands that lack nipples. Milk is secreted onto specialized skin patches and the young lap it up. Theria includes all live-bearing mammals, Eutheria are placental mammals (with nipples), and Metatheria are marsupials (also have nipples). Option B has a typo ('utheria' should be 'eutheria').
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Seminal vesicles
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Testes
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Prostate gland
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Cowper’s glands
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Bulbourethral glands
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Testes are ellipsoid glandular organs responsible for the production of sperm and testosterone.
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Cowper gland
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Bartholin gland
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prostate gland
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glans penis
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scrotum
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Skene's gland, (also known as paraurethral gland) found in females, is homologous ( similar in structure, but different in function) to prostate gland found in males.
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Pineal gland, Hypothalamus, Pituitary gland
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Bowman’s gland, Lachrymal gland, Mammary gland
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Tarsal gland, Pineal gland, Mammary gland
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Pituitary gland, Lachrymal gland, Tarsal gland
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Hypothalamus, Bowman’s gland, Tarsal gland
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Bowman’s gland, Lachrymal gland, Mammary gland: All are exocrine glands
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Cutaneous glands
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Sebaceous glands
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Sudorific glands
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Ceruminous glands
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Sweat glands
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Ceruminous glands (Wax glands) are found in external ear cavity. They secrete ear wax (cerumen).
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a, b and c
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a and b
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b and c
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a and c
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c only
D
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct answer. Pancreas acts as an endocrine gland and secretes the hormone insulin.
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Thymus
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Thyroid gland
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Hypothalamus
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Adrenal glands
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Pancreas
C
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct answer. Hypothalamus is present in the brain.
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a, b, c and d
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a, b and c
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a, b and d
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a, c and d
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b, c and d
C
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct answer as salivary glands, liver and pancreas are the glands that are associated with the human digestive system.