Endocrine and Exocrine Glands

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Intermediate lobe of pituitary secretes melanocyte stimulating hormone.

The mucus has a protective effect and helps filter inspired particles. Mucus production can be greatly increased in rhinitis.

Thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland in the lower front part of the neck. It controls metabolism and keeps the functioning of whole body properly. The thyroid gland controls how quickly the body uses energy, makes proteins, and controls how sensitive the body is to other hormones. Adrenal glands, also known as suprarenal glands, are triangular-shaped glands located on top of each kidney. They are chiefly responsible for releasing hormones in response to stress through the synthesis of corticosteroids such as cortisol and catecholamines such as epinephrine. The adrenal glands affect the functioning of kidney through the secretion of aldosterone, a hormone involved in regulating the osmolarity of blood plasma. Pituitary gland is master endocrine gland in vertebrate animals. The hormones secreted by the pituitary stimulate and control the functioning of almost all the other endocrine glands in the body. Pituitary hormones also promote growth and control the water balance of the body. The pineal gland is a small endocrine gland in the vertebrate brain. It produces the serotonin derivative melatonin, a hormone that affects the modulation of wake/sleep patterns and seasonal functions.

Parathyroid glands are four small glands, which regulate the calcium and phosphate levels in blood. The parathyroid glands are four tiny glands, located in the neck, which control the body's calcium levels. Each gland is about the size of a grain of rice (weighs approximately 30 milligrams and is 3-4 millimetres in diameter).

Glucagon is produced by pancreas. Glucagon is a peptide hormone produced by alpha cells of the pancreas and it raises the concentration of glucose in the bloodstream. Its effect is opposite to that of insulin, which lowers the glucose concentration. 

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Cardiac myocytes of heart secrete brain natriuretic peptide.

The liver is the largest internal gland and organ in the human body, weighing approximately 1.5 kg in adults. It performs over 500 functions including detoxification, protein synthesis, and bile production. The heart and kidney are also vital organs but are smaller than the liver.

Sweat glands are responsible for the regulation of heat in case of mammals.

The bulbourethral are also known as Cowper's glands.These are two small structures about the size of peas, which are located below the prostate gland. They are composed of many tubes whose linings secrete a fluid that is released in response to sexual stimulation to provide some lubrication to the end of the penis in preparation for sexual intercourse.

All of these are the main external structures of the female reproductive system .

Mumps is an acute but usually mild viral infection of childhood, characterized by swollen and inflamed salivary glands (most often the parotids). Less often the virus attacks the pancreas, ovaries, testes, and other organs. Mump virus is a highly contagious paramyxovirus that is commonly transmitted in respiratory droplets.