Biology

Endocrine and Exocrine Glands

690 Questions

The endocrine and exocrine glands topic explores the human body's essential secreting structures, including the pituitary, thyroid, and salivary glands. Questions often focus on gland locations, their specific secretions, and crucial physiological functions. This subject is a core component of the general science syllabus across many highly competitive examinations.

Master endocrine glandsPituitary gland locationSalivary gland functionsThyroid and ductless glandsApocrine sweat glands

Endocrine and Exocrine Glands Questions

Multiple choice

Where are the islets of Langerhans found?

  1. Anterior pituitary

  2. Posterior pituitary

  3. Spleen

  4. Endocrine region of pancreas

  5. NA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The islets of Langerhans are the regions of pancreas that contain its endocrine cells.

Multiple choice

The largest gland in the body is the

  1. pancreas

  2. liver

  3. thyroid

  4. intestine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The liver is the largest internal gland and organ in the human body, weighing approximately 1.5 kg. It performs vital functions including detoxification, protein synthesis, and bile production.

Multiple choice

Sweat glands in mammals are primarily concerned with _____.

  1. removal of excess salts

  2. excretion of nitrogenous waste

  3. thermoregulation

  4. sex - attraction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sweat glands in mammals primarily function in thermoregulation - evaporative cooling of the body through sweating helps maintain optimal body temperature.

Multiple choice

____ gland is called the master gland of the body.

  1. Thyroid

  2. Pineal

  3. Pituitary

  4. Adrenal

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The pituitary gland is called the 'master gland' because it controls other endocrine glands through hormone secretion. The thyroid (A) regulates metabolism, pineal (B) produces melatonin for sleep cycles, and adrenal (D) glands produce stress hormones like cortisol.

Multiple choice

The gland that secretes both hormones and enzymes is

  1. adrenal gland

  2. pituitary gland

  3. thyroid gland

  4. pancreas

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The pancreas is a dual-function gland that secretes hormones like insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream (endocrine function) and digestive enzymes like amylase, lipase, and proteases into the small intestine (exocrine function). The adrenal gland secretes only hormones, the pituitary gland secretes only hormones, and the thyroid gland secretes only hormones.

Multiple choice

The epithelium tissue associated with the glands secreting substances like enzymes, hormones, milk and saliva is ______________.

  1. stratified epithelium

  2. glandular epithelium

  3. ciliated columnar epithelium

  4. simple columnar epithelium

  5. simple cuboidal epithelium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Columnar epithelium with goblet cells is called glandular epithelium. Columnar and cuboidal epithelial cells often become specialised as gland cells which are capable of synthesising and secreting certain substances such as enzymes, hormones, milk, mucus, sweat, wax and saliva.

Multiple choice

Central Occupational Organization, Milk supply areas can be included in which of the following areas?

  1. Nodal region

  2. Genetic region

  3. Functional region

  4. Natural region
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Central Occupational Organization and Milk supply areas are examples of nodal regions. Nodal regions are organized around a central point or node from which services and activities are distributed - the central organization or supply point serves as the focal point.

Multiple choice

Which gland is known as the master gland in the human body?

  1. Pancreas

  2. Thyroid

  3. Liver

  4. Pituitary

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The pituitary gland is called the 'master gland' because it produces hormones that regulate most other endocrine glands, including the thyroid, adrenal glands, and reproductive glands. It controls growth, metabolism, and reproduction through its hormonal signals.