Biology

Endocrine and Exocrine Glands

594 Questions

The endocrine and exocrine glands topic explores the human body's essential secreting structures, including the pituitary, thyroid, and salivary glands. Questions often focus on gland locations, their specific secretions, and crucial physiological functions. This subject is a core component of the general science syllabus across many highly competitive examinations.

Master endocrine glandsPituitary gland locationSalivary gland functionsThyroid and ductless glandsApocrine sweat glands

Endocrine and Exocrine Glands Questions

Multiple choice

The thyroid and parathyroid glands are derivatives of

  1. pharyngeal pouch

  2. oesphageal lining

  3. gills

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The thyroid and parathyroid glands develop from the pharyngeal pouches (specifically the 3rd and 4th pharyngeal pouches) during embryonic development. The thyroid arises from the floor of the pharynx (foramen cecum region), while parathyroids develop from the dorsal wings of the 3rd and 4th pouches. 'Oesphageal lining' is misspelled.

Multiple choice

Which of the following sets consists of endocrine glands only?

  1. Pituitary gland, Lachrymal gland, Tarsal gland

  2. Bowman’s gland, Lachrymal gland, Mammary gland

  3. Tarsal gland, Pineal gland, Mammary gland

  4. Pineal gland, Hypothalamus, Pituitary gland

  5. Hypothalamus, Bowman’s gland, Tarsal gland
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Pineal gland, Hypothalamus, Pituitary gland: All are endocrine glands

Multiple choice

Which of the following glands are found in the skin of mammals?

  1. Cutaneous glands
  2. Ceruminous glands
  3. Sudorific glands
  4. Sebaceous glands

  1. 1, 2 and 3

  2. 1, 2 and 4

  3. 1, 3 and 4

  4. 2, 3 and 4

  5. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Correct answer. Ceruminous glands (wax glands) are found in the external ear cavity. They secrete ear wax (cerumen). Cutaneous glands are found in the skin of mammals. Their secretion helps lubricate the root of hair. Sudorific glands are found in the skin of mammals. They secrete sweat to cool the body. Sebaceous glands are found in the skin of mammals. They secrete oily substance to lubricate base of hair.  

Multiple choice

Which of the following statement is/are incorrect?

a. Parathyroid glands are four small glands that are embedded in the thyroid gland. b. The function of the parathoromone hormone is to regulate carbohydrate metabolism and blood pressure. c. Thymus gland is large in young children, but shrinks after puberty.

  1. Only a

  2. Both a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Both b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as this statement is false. Parathormone controls calcium levels.

Multiple choice

Which of the following glands is/are the main center(s) in the body for coordination of the nervous system and the endocrine system?

a. Hypothalamus b. Pineal gland c. Parathyroid gland d. Pituitary gland

  1. Only b and c

  2. Only b

  3. Only b and d

  4. Only c and d

  5. Only a and d
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. The hypothalamus plays an important role in collecting information from other regions of the brain and from blood vessels passing through it. This information is passed on to the pituitary gland which by its own secretions, regulates the activities of all other endocrine glands.

Multiple choice

Which of the following glands is also called as the 'gland of emergency'?

  1. Hypothalamus

  2. Pituitary gland

  3. Adrenal gland

  4. Thymus gland

  5. Pancreas
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as adrenal glands are also called as the glands of emergency. In case of an emergency, these glands secrete large amounts of adrenaline, which further speeds up the heart beat and breathing, raising blood pressure and allowing more glucose to go into the body to give a lot of energy to the body.

Multiple choice

Brunner's glands in human body are :

  1. Submucosal glands in large intestine

  2. Sweat glands in skin

  3. Submucosal glands in duodenum

  4. Endocrine glands in duodenum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

 Duodenum of small intestine has alkaline bicarbonate secreting Brunner's glands which minimises the acidity of chyme

Multiple choice

The largest salivary gland is :

  1. Sub mandibular gland

  2. Sub lingual gland

  3. Parotid gland

  4. Sub maxillary gland
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

 Parotid gland is the largest salivary gland and opens into the vestibule of mouth opposite the crown of upper 2nd molar tooth

Multiple choice

Name the largest gland in human body.

  1. Salivary gland

  2. Thyroid gland

  3. Pancrease

  4. liver
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The largest gland in human body is liver which performs various vital functions.