Biology
Endocrine and Exocrine Glands
690 Questions
The endocrine and exocrine glands topic explores the human body's essential secreting structures, including the pituitary, thyroid, and salivary glands. Questions often focus on gland locations, their specific secretions, and crucial physiological functions. This subject is a core component of the general science syllabus across many highly competitive examinations.
Master endocrine glandsPituitary gland locationSalivary gland functionsThyroid and ductless glandsApocrine sweat glands
Endocrine and Exocrine Glands Questions
B
Correct answer
Explanation
This statement is false because adrenal glands produce hormones like cortisol and adrenaline, not oil. It's the sebaceous glands that produce sebum (oil), which combines with dead skin cells to form plugs in pores. When bacteria (Cutibacterium acnes) gets trapped, it causes inflammation and pimples.
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The liver is the largest internal gland in the human body, weighing approximately 1.5 kg in adults. It performs over 500 vital functions including detoxification, protein synthesis, and bile production. While other organs like the brain and skin are larger overall, the liver is the largest glandular organ and internal organ.
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mammary gland
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Ovary
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Uterus
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Prostate gland
D
Correct answer
Explanation
The prostate gland is a male reproductive organ that produces seminal fluid. The mammary gland (breast), ovary, and uterus are all female reproductive organs. This question tests basic knowledge of reproductive system anatomy across genders.
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Endocrinology is the branch of medicine and biology dealing with the endocrine system, its diseases, and its specific secretions known as hormones. The study of glands is indeed endocrinology as glands are the primary organs of the endocrine system.
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Liver
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Thyroid
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Pituitary
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Salivary Glands
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The pituitary gland, often called the 'master gland,' is the smallest gland in the human body - approximately the size of a pea (about 0.5 grams) and located at the base of the brain. Despite its small size, it produces and regulates numerous hormones that control other endocrine glands and bodily functions. The liver is much larger, the thyroid is also small but larger than the pituitary, and salivary glands are visibly larger.
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Pineal gland
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Plasma
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Nodule
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Lymph node
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Puny gland
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Master gland
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Pleasure gland
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Major gland
B
Correct answer
Explanation
The pituitary gland is called the 'master gland' because it produces hormones that regulate other endocrine glands in the body. Puny gland and pleasure gland are made-up terms, while major gland is not a recognized alternative name.
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Lachrymal
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Pituitary
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Thyroid
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Pancreas
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The lacrimal glands (also called lachrymal glands) are the specialized glands that produce tears. They are located above each eye and secrete the watery layer of tears that keeps eyes moist and contains enzymes to protect against infection. Other listed glands have different functions.
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Lachrymal
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Pituitary
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Thyroid
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Pancreas
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The lacrimal glands (also called lachrymal glands) are the specialized glands that produce tears. They are located above each eye and secrete the watery layer of tears that keeps eyes moist and contains enzymes to protect against infection. Other listed glands have different functions.
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Thyroid
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Liver
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Pancreas
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None of these
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Pancreas
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Thyroid
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Pituitary
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Spleen
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The pituitary gland is called the master gland because it controls other endocrine glands through hormone secretion. It produces hormones that regulate growth, metabolism, reproduction, and stress response. The hypothalamus influences the pituitary, but the pituitary directly regulates other glands like thyroid, adrenals, and gonads.
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Pancreas
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Thyroid
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Pituitary
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Spleen
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The pituitary gland is called the master gland because it controls other endocrine glands through hormone secretion. It produces hormones that regulate growth, metabolism, reproduction, and stress response. The hypothalamus influences the pituitary, but the pituitary directly regulates other glands like thyroid, adrenals, and gonads.
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Endocrinologist
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Rheumatologist
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Dermatologist
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Nephrologist
A
Correct answer
Explanation
An endocrinologist specializes in disorders of the endocrine system, which includes ductless (endocrine) glands like the thyroid, pituitary, and adrenal glands. These glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream.
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Pancreas
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Thyroid
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Pituitary
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Spleen
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The pituitary gland is called the 'master gland' because it secretes hormones that regulate other endocrine glands, including the thyroid, adrenals, and reproductive glands. The pancreas produces insulin and digestive enzymes, the thyroid regulates metabolism, and the spleen is part of the immune system.
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Lachrymal
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Pituitary
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Thyroid
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Pancreas
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Lachrymal glands, also called lacrimal glands, are located above each eye and secrete tears to lubricate and protect the eyes. The pituitary is the master gland regulating hormones, thyroid regulates metabolism, and pancreas produces digestive enzymes and insulin - none produce tears.