Environmental Studies · Biology

Ecology and Biodiversity

1,739 Questions

Ecology and biodiversity are vital topics in environmental studies, covering ecosystem structures, species diversity, and environmental impacts. These concepts are frequently tested in competitive examinations for civil services and state selections. The questions cover carrying capacity, ecological succession, and conservation fundamentals.

Species richness measurementTypes of ecological diversityBiome distribution factorsCarrying capacity conceptEcosystem servicesEnvironmental Impact Assessment

Ecology and Biodiversity Questions

Multiple choice biology living in harmony climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

In an ecosystem of abiotic components which of the following occur?

  1. Flow of energy

  2. Cycling of materials

  3. Consumers

  4. Flow of energy and cycling of materials
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In an ecosystem plants produces their own food by utilising solar energy, water and carbon dioxide, which is then transfer to the successive trophic levels. Some of the minerals are locked in living systems as constituents of protoplasm. These minerals are returned to environment through the decomposition of death and decay of organisms.Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology living in harmony climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

Which one of the following components of ecosystem comes from outside?

  1. Oxygen

  2. Temperature

  3. Insects

  4. Energy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In an ecosystem, the ultimate source of energy is the sun. The solar energy is trapped by producers and converted to usable biochemical compounds like carbohydrates. These carbohydrates are passed on successively to higher trophic levels. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology living in harmony climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

Read the following statements and choose the correct set of option w.r.t. ecosystem.
I. Various ecosystem are interconnected by flow of energy and transfer of materials.
II. It is self sustained and self regulated segment of nature.
III. Energy flow is always cyclic while flow of nutrients is unidirectional.
IV. Density of ecosystem is governed by degree of biogeochemical cycling and the amount of nutrients.

  1. I, II and IV are correct

  2. I, II and III are correct

  3. Only III is are correct

  4. III and IV are correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Statements I and II are correct definitions of ecosystems. Statement IV is correct regarding ecosystem density. Statement III is incorrect because energy flow is unidirectional (from sun to producers to consumers), while nutrient flow is cyclic.

Multiple choice biology living in harmony climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

The creating force of any ecosystem is

  1. Organic fuels, carbohydrates

  2. Biomass

  3. Solar energy

  4. Producers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Nearly all of the energy, that drives ecosystems ultimately comes from the sun. 

Solar energy, which is an abiotic factor, enters the ecosystem through the process of photosynthesis. The organisms in an ecosystem, that capture the sun's electromagnetic energy and convert it into chemical energy are called as producers. 
Producers include all of the green plants and some bacteria and algae. The primary consumers exclusively feed on producers. They are known as herbivores. Primary consumers only obtain a fraction of the total solar energy about 10% captured by the producers they eat. 
The other 90% is used by the producer for growth, reproduction, and survival, or it is lost as heat. Primary consumers are eaten by secondary consumers. Secondary consumers are eaten by tertiary consumers. 

Multiple choice biology living in harmony climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

Ecosystem has two components. They are

  1. Plants and animals

  2. Trees and fungi

  3. Living and nonliving

  4. Frogs and man
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

An ecosystem is made up of components, biotic and abiotic. Biotic components constitute all the living members of an ecosystem. While abiotic component of an ecosystem consists of non-living substances and factors such as air, water soil, sunlight etc. Thus option C is the correct answer. 

Multiple choice biology living in harmony climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

Which of the following occurs in abiotic component of ecosystem?

  1. Flow of energy

  2. Cycling of materials

  3. Consumers

  4. Flow of energy and cycling of materials
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Flow of energy and consumers are part of biotic components of ecosystem. Water, carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous all take paths from the non-living environment to living organisms, such as trees and then back to non-living environment. These paths known as biogeochemical cycles. In these cycles, a pathway is formed when a substance enters into living organisms, stays for a long time, then returns to the non-living environment. As it is part of abiotic component of ecosystem.

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology living in harmony climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

The driving force for an ecosystem is

  1. Biomass

  2. Producers

  3. Carbohydrates in producers

  4. Solar energy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Ecosystem is made up of living and nonliving things. Living things or biotic things include plants and animals. Nonliving things or abiotic things include air, water, land.  It is composed of organisms interacting within communities. The driving force for an ecosystem is solar energy. Plants use solar energy to synthesize their food by the process of photosynthesis. From solar energy, the energy is transferred to plants and other organisms via plants.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Solar energy.'

Multiple choice biology living in harmony climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

Which one of the following is biotic in origin?

  1. Texture and porosity of soil

  2. Rainfall

  3. Carbon dioxide content of soil

  4. Light intensity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Biotic factors are those related to living organisms. Carbon dioxide levels in soil are significantly influenced by the respiration of soil microbes, plant roots, and the decomposition of organic matter, making it biotic in origin.

Multiple choice evs - i rules are for everyone sustainability of natural resources adaptations - mangrove swamps, fast flowing rivers and treetops halophiles

Biotic natural resource among the following is _____________.

  1. air

  2. sunlight

  3. plants

  4. minerals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Biotic natural resources are the type of resources obtained from organic matter like soil, coal, plants etc. which contain material like carbon. All other sources like air, sunlight and minerals are the non-biotic resources.

Multiple choice zoology conservation of environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Interaction of species with environment is known as

  1. Ecosystem

  2. Community

  3. Predation

  4. Biosphere
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Ecosystem is the phenomenon that includes the occurrence and distribution of organisms in the ecosystem and the interaction of species with the environment. 
  • It includes abiotic factors such as air, water, soil and biotic factors such as humans, animals, microorganisms. Community includes more that one type of species interacting with each other in a population. 
  • The biosphere is the part of the earth in which life exists.

So the correct answer is 'Ecosystem.'

Multiple choice zoology different ecosystems eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Ecosystem means

  1. A community of organisms interacting with the environment in which they live

  2. Abiotic components

  3. Organisms reacting with one another

  4. Earth and its atmosphere
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The abiotic and biotic components and their interaction with each other combines to form a ecosystem. The biotic components means the living organisms and the abiotic components means the non living factors present in the environment. So, the correct option is A.

Multiple choice zoology living in harmony eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

The two components of biosphere are

  1. Biotic and abiotic

  2. Plants and animals

  3. Algae and fungi

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The biosphere is the area around the earth that consists of living beings along with the non-living matter around them.

The living component of the biosphere is called biotic component and the non-living component of the biosphere is called the abiotic component. So, the biosphere is made up of both living and non-living components.
So, option A " Biotic and Abiotic" is the correct option.

Multiple choice zoology different ecosystems eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Plants and animals are biotic component in an ecosystem.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An ecosystem may be said to be the sum total of all living organisms and nonliving things around us. Living organisms constitute the biotic component of the ecosystem while nonliving things constitute the nonliving one's. 

So, option A is the correct answer.

Multiple choice commercial studies striving for a better environment unequal distribution of resources protecting our environment rules are for everyone

Which of the following are living resources in nature?

  1. Flora

  2. Fauna

  3. Soil

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Flora is considered as the plant life found in a particular region at a time. The fauna is considered as the animal life of that region. The flora, fauna, microorganisms and all the other life forms in the particular region is together known as biota. These are the living resources which are found in the nature

So, the correct answer is 'Both A and B'

Multiple choice evs - i the earth and its living world introduction to the spheres of the earth origin of universe introduction to natural resources

What factor makes a man dominant species in biosphere?

  1. Body structure

  2. Ingenious brain power

  3. Powerful body

  4. Internal structure of body
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Humans are considered the dominant species in the biosphere primarily due to their advanced cognitive abilities. This brain power allows for complex problem-solving, tool creation, and environmental adaptation.