Environmental Studies · Biology

Ecology and Biodiversity

1,739 Questions

Ecology and biodiversity are vital topics in environmental studies, covering ecosystem structures, species diversity, and environmental impacts. These concepts are frequently tested in competitive examinations for civil services and state selections. The questions cover carrying capacity, ecological succession, and conservation fundamentals.

Species richness measurementTypes of ecological diversityBiome distribution factorsCarrying capacity conceptEcosystem servicesEnvironmental Impact Assessment

Ecology and Biodiversity Questions

Multiple choice commercial applications issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

An ecosystem is a complex interacting system of

  1. Individuals

  2. Population

  3. Communities and their physical environment

  4. Communities and their soil condition
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

An ecosystem includes living things in a given environment, their interaction with each other, and also with their non-living environment i.e., weather, earth, sun, soil, climate, and atmosphere. Thus the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice evs - i issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Ecosystem has two components

  1. Plants and animals

  2. Weeds and trees

  3. Biotic and abiotic

  4. Frogs and man
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
An ecosystem includes the interaction of the living things i.e biotic factors in a given area with the non-living environment i.e abiotic factors such as weather, earth, sun, soil, climate and atmosphere
So, the correct answer is 'Biotic and abiotic'
Multiple choice evs - i issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Ecosystem has two components. They are

  1. Trees and fungi

  2. Living and non living

  3. Plants and animals

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

An ecosystem includes the interaction of the living things i.e biotic factors in a given area with the non-living environment i.e abiotic factors such as weather, earth, sun, soil, climate and atmosphere. Thus the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice commercial applications issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Which of the following is true in an ecosystem ?

  1. Animals can live without plants

  2. Plants can live without animals

  3. Animals can survive for long without plants

  4. Plants can survive for long without animals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
The ecosystem is a community like a system of checks and balances between physical elements and living beings. Removal of any one component, living or non-living will eventually lead to the destruction of the ecosystem. So, plants and animals cannot live without each other. However, if animals are removed plant would still survive longer as they can perform photosynthesis.
The correct answer is 'plants can survive for long without animals'
Multiple choice commercial applications issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

An ecosystem may be a small or a large sized based on kind of 

  1. Habit

  2. Habitat

  3. Components

  4. Molecules
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Habitat is the environmental area where particular organisms live. Hence the size of the habitat determines the size of an ecosystem. More the number of the organism more the area will be covered and thus the size of the particular ecosystem increases.

Multiple choice commercial applications issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Interaction between biotic and abiotic factors is called as _________. 

  1. Ecology

  2. Ecosystem

  3. Niche

  4. Biomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Interaction between biotic and abiotic factors is called ecosystem. Study of ecosystem is called ecology. The study of interaction and habitat or organisms in certain area is called niche and major ecosystems is called bio-mes.

Multiple choice evs - i issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Which of the following explains stable ecosystem?

  1. Requires a constant energy source

  2. Requires a living system

  3. Is self-sustaining

  4. Requires cycling of materials between the living system and the environment

  5. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

A stable ecosystem requires energy, living organisms, self-sustaining mechanisms, and nutrient cycling to maintain balance. Since all these components are essential, 'All of the above' is the correct choice.

Multiple choice commercial applications issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

The least inclusive level of ecological organization that includes interactions among living and non-living factors is 

  1. A community

  2. A population

  3. A species

  4. A biosphere

  5. An ecosystem
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation
A. A community is a group of populations of different species in a given area.
B. Population is a group of individual organisms of the same species in a given area.
C. Species is a group of individuals which resemble each other in morphological, physiological, biochemical and behavioral characters.
D. The planet Earth along with its atmosphere (air, land, and water) that sustain life is called biosphere.
E. An ecosystem is stable, a settled unit of nature consisting of a community of organisms interacting with each other and with their surrounding physical and chemical environment.
Hence the ecological organization that includes interactions among living and non-living factors is an ecosystem.
So, the correct answer is 'An ecosystem'.
Multiple choice evs - i issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Biotic factors are

  1. Chemical factors of soil which affect life

  2. Physical factors of soil which affect life

  3. All living organisms which influence other organisms

  4. Factors of atmosphere which affect life
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

(c) Living organisms have effect on other living organisms and these constitute biotic factors or living factors.

Multiple choice commercial applications issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

An ecosystem contains

  1. Producers

  2. Decomposers

  3. Lentic

  4. Xeric
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B Correct answer
Explanation

An ecosystem consists of biotic and abiotic omponents. Biotic or living things involve producer, consumers and decomposers. Abiotic or nonliving things involve air, water, soil. An area with very little water is called as xeric or desert ecosystem. A lentic ecosystem is an ecosystem which consists of still water. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'Both A and B.'

Multiple choice evs - i issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Biotic community along with its interacting physical environment comprises

  1. Phytosociology

  2. Phytogeography

  3. Ecosystem

  4. Ecology
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Biotic community along with its interacting physical environment comprises ecosystem. The biotic community involves living things like plants, animals, microorganisms. The physical environment is called as abiotic community or nonliving things. It includes air, water, land, etc. Ecology is the study of interactions of organisms with one another and with environment. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'Ecosystem.'

Multiple choice commercial applications issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Well known ecosystem ecologist is

  1. P. Maheshwaii

  2. E.P. Odum

  3. M.S. Swaminathan

  4. W. Sutherland
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ecosystem ecology is the study of living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) components of an ecosystem and their interactions within an ecosystem. Well known ecosystem ecologist is E. P. Odum. Eugene Pleasants Odum is well known for his pioneering work on ecosystem ecology. He wrote a book on 'Fundamentals of Ecology.'

Thus, the correct answer is 'E.P. Odum.'

Multiple choice evs - i issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Stability of ecosystem depends, upon

  1. Primary productivity

  2. Number of producers

  3. Number of consumers

  4. Interchange between producers and consumers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Stability of ecosystem depends upon interchange between producers and consumers. Producers and consumers occupy different trophic levels of a food chain. High interactivity between producers and consumers makes the ecosystem to be independent of outside factors for its stability.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Interchange between producers and consumers.'

Multiple choice commercial applications issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Ecosystems have

  1. energy inputs and outputs

  2. nutrient cycling but not outputs

  3. one trophic level

  4. both (a) and (b)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An ecosystem consists of both biotic and abiotic components and interactions between them. When the interactions take place there must be some input of energy for example light energy is transferred to plants for performing photosynthesis and if there is an input of energy then there must be a continuous output of energy also.

so the correct answer is 'energy inputs and outputs'.