Environmental Studies ยท Biology

Ecology and Biodiversity

1,739 Questions

Ecology and biodiversity are vital topics in environmental studies, covering ecosystem structures, species diversity, and environmental impacts. These concepts are frequently tested in competitive examinations for civil services and state selections. The questions cover carrying capacity, ecological succession, and conservation fundamentals.

Species richness measurementTypes of ecological diversityBiome distribution factorsCarrying capacity conceptEcosystem servicesEnvironmental Impact Assessment

Ecology and Biodiversity Questions

Multiple choice natural vegetation and wildlife of india and world resources of india and world general knowledge

What is the smallest unit of vegetation having internal homogeneity and adaptation to its environment?

  1. A formation class

  2. A biome

  3. A biochore

  4. An ecological niche
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In ecological hierarchy, an ecological niche represents the specific functional role and physical space occupied by a species within its habitat. While larger units like biomes and biochores describe broad regional vegetation patterns, the niche represents the most localized, homogeneous level of adaptation.

Multiple choice natural vegetation and wildlife of india and world resources of india and world general knowledge

Which one of the following best represents a Biochore ?

  1. An area of vegetation having uniformity of life form

  2. An area of vegetation having same type of climate

  3. An area of vegetation having large trees

  4. An area of vegetation having grasslands
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A biochore is a major geographical division of the biosphere characterized by a uniform vegetation life form, such as forest, grassland, or desert. It groups together plant communities that share similar structural adaptations to their regional environment.

Multiple choice natural vegetation and wildlife of india and world resources of india and world general knowledge

1) Biomes are distributional aspect of ecosystem.
2) There are four components of ecosystem that being abiotic, producers, consumers and decomposers.
3) Amount of living material present in biome is called standing crop.
Which of the above statements are correct ?

  1. 1, 2 and 3

  2. 1 and 2

  3. 2 and 3

  4. 1 and 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

All three statements are correct. Biomes represent the regional, geographical distribution of ecosystems; ecosystems consist of abiotic factors, producers, consumers, and decomposers; and the total mass of living organisms in an area at a given time is defined as the standing crop.

Multiple choice natural vegetation and wildlife of india and world resources of india and world general knowledge

Man can maintain an ecological balance in the biosphere by ___________.

  1. deforestation.

  2. developing new breeds of cultivated plants and domesticated animals.

  3. using insecticides and pesticides.

  4. understanding the dedicated balance in the relative number of organisms.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Maintaining ecological balance requires understanding the complex relationships and population dynamics among different species in an ecosystem. Interventions like deforestation, excessive pesticide use, or introducing artificial breeds without understanding these relationships often disrupt the natural food webs and ecological stability.

Multiple choice natural vegetation and wildlife of india and world resources of india and world general knowledge

Which one of the following is the correct sequence of ecosystems in the order of decreasing productivity?

  1. Oceans, lakes, grasslands, mangroves

  2. Mangroves, oceans, grasslands, lakes

  3. Mangroves, grasslands, lakes, oceans

  4. Oceans, mangroves, lakes, grasslands
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Mangroves have very high primary productivity due to abundant nutrients and sunlight. Grasslands have moderate productivity, followed by lakes, while open oceans have the lowest primary productivity per unit area because of nutrient limitations.

Multiple choice natural vegetation and wildlife of india and world resources of india and world general knowledge

Which of the following statements is/are true?
1. Circulation of energy in the biosphere ecosystem is cyclical.
2. Circulation of matter in the biosphere ecosystem is unidirectional.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. Neither 1 nor 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Energy flow in an ecosystem is unidirectional, flowing from the Sun through trophic levels and dissipating as heat, meaning it cannot be recycled. Conversely, the movement of matter (nutrients) is cyclical through biogeochemical cycles, allowing elements to be reused repeatedly.

Multiple choice natural vegetation and wildlife of india and world resources of india and world general knowledge

Which one of the following is the correct sequence about various levels of organisation of Biosphere?

  1. Ecosystem - Biosphere - Community - Population

  2. Population - Organism - Ecosystem - Biosphere

  3. Organism - Community - Population - Biosphere

  4. Organism - Population - Ecosystem - Biosphere
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The levels of ecological organization in ascending order are Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Landscape, Biome, and Biosphere. Option D correctly represents this increasing order of complexity, even though community is omitted.

Multiple choice

What do you understand by natural vegetation?

  1. Natural vegetation means plants and trees which are planted by people.

  2. Natural vegetation means plants and trees.

  3. Natural vegetation means animals which eat plants.

  4. Natural vegetation means the plants and trees growing naturally in a area.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Natural vegetation refers specifically to plant life that grows naturally in an area without any human aid, cultivation, or interference. Options describing plants grown by humans or referring to animals are incorrect definitions.

Multiple choice

What can a limiting factor be?

  1. abiotic

  2. biotic

  3. an increase or decrease in size of populations

  4. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Limiting factors can be non-living physical or chemical elements (abiotic, like water and temperature) or living components of an ecosystem (biotic, like food and predators). They directly regulate the increase or decrease of population sizes.

Multiple choice

An ecosystem is:

  1. a system of living things that all depend on each other

  2. A system of living things that are independent

  3. a system of government

  4. a system of nonliving things coming back to life for Spooky Season
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with each other and their nonliving environment, where the members depend on one another for survival.