Environmental Studies · Biology

Ecology and Biodiversity

1,739 Questions

Ecology and biodiversity are vital topics in environmental studies, covering ecosystem structures, species diversity, and environmental impacts. These concepts are frequently tested in competitive examinations for civil services and state selections. The questions cover carrying capacity, ecological succession, and conservation fundamentals.

Species richness measurementTypes of ecological diversityBiome distribution factorsCarrying capacity conceptEcosystem servicesEnvironmental Impact Assessment

Ecology and Biodiversity Questions

Multiple choice commercial applications issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

A drop of water is an example of :- 

  1. Micro ecosystem

  2. Macro ecosystem

  3. Nano ecosystem

  4. Both B & C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
A drop of water is an example of nano ecosystem. Nano-ecosystems are smaller ecosystems that are specially contained within larger ecosystems but have individual characteristics. It is part of mega ecosystem. 
So, the correct option is 'macro ecosystem'.
Multiple choice commercial applications issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Definition of ecosystem is

  1. The community of organisms together with the environment in which they live

  2. The abiotic component of a habitat

  3. The part of the earth and its atmosphere which inhibits living organisms

  4. A community of organisms interacting with one another
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An ecosystem is a functional unit consisting of all the living organisms (biotic community) in a particular area interacting with the non-living (abiotic) environment.

Multiple choice evs - i issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

What does environment include?

  1. Biotic and abiotic factors

  2. Animals and Plants

  3. Microorganisms

  4. Non-living things
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The environment is defined as the sum of all living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components that surround and influence an organism. Options B, C, and D are subsets of these factors, making A the most comprehensive definition.

Multiple choice commercial applications issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Function of an ecosystem means

  1. Rate of biological flow, nutrients and ecological regulations

  2. Temperature zone for stability

  3. Light emitting diodes

  4. Life cycle of species
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ecosystem function refers to the biological, geochemical, and physical processes that take place within an ecosystem. This includes the flow of energy and the cycling of nutrients.

Multiple choice evs - i issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Ecosystem may be defined as 

  1. A localized association of several plants and animals

  2. Different communities of plants, animals and microbes together with thier physico-chemical environment

  3. Different communities of plants microbes plus their physico-chemical environment

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

An ecosystem is a natural system consisting of all plants, animals and microorganisms (biotic factors) in an area functioning together with all the non-living physical (abiotic) factors of the environment. These biotic and abiotic components are regarded as linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows. Ecosystems are defined by the network of interactions among organisms, and between organisms and their environment.

Multiple choice evs - i issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

The two components of an ecosystem are 

  1. Biotic and abiotic

  2. Plants and animals

  3. Weeds and micro-organism

  4. Plants and light
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Two main components exist in an ecosystem: abiotic and biotic. The abiotic components of any ecosystem are the properties of the environment; the biotic components are the life forms, that occupy a given ecosystem. 

Examples of abiotic components are temperature, average humidity, topography and natural disturbances. 
Examples of biotic components are producers, such as plants and consumers, such as humans. 

Multiple choice commercial applications issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Ecosystems may be defined as

  1. A species along with environment

  2. Plant found in water

  3. Plants found on land

  4. All plants and animal species along with environment
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

An ecosystem includes all the living organisms and all the nonliving components of their environment. It comprises of all living things namely plants, animals and organisms interacting with each other and also with their non-living environments, that is earth, air, water, sun, soil, climate, atmosphere, etc. 

Each ecosystem is unique and has three basic components that are autotrophs, heterotrophs and non-living matter. Most autotrophs in an ecosystem are plants while most of the heterotrophs are animals. 
Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice evs - i issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Components of environment are

  1. Biotic

  2. Abiotic

  3. Resources and regulatory factor

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Environment is composed of biotic (living) and abiotic (nonliving) components. All components of environment are closely related and they interact with each other.  Environment is composed of both environmental resources and regulatory factor. 

Biotic components include producers, consumers and decomposers.
Abiotic components include temperature, light intensity, moisture, water levels, air currents, energy radiation, carbon dioxide levels, pH of water, soil etc.
Some component of the environment serves as resources while other serves as regulatory factors. 

Resources include air, water, biota, land and geological and natural resources. Regulatory factors include temperature, light, weather etc.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice evs - i issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Ecosystem contains

  1. Food web

  2. Food chain

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In ecology, a food web describes the feeding connections between organisms in a biotic community. Both energy and nutrients flow through a food web, moving through organisms as they are consumed by an organism above them in the food web. A single path of energy through a food web is called a food chain. A food web consists of all the food chains in a single ecosystem. Each living thing in an ecosystem is part of multiple food chains. Each food chain is one possible path that energy and nutrients may take as they move through the ecosystem. All of the interconnected and overlapping food chains in an ecosystem make up a food web.

Multiple choice commercial applications issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Which one of the following is the definition of ecosystem?

  1. A localised association of seven plants and animals.

  2. Different communities of plants, animals and microbes, together with their physicochemical environments.

  3. Different communities of plants and microbes, plus their physicochemical environments.

  4. A community of organisms interacting with one another.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

An ecosystem consists of the biological community of living organisms that occurs in some particular area and the physical and chemical factors that make up its nonliving or abiotic environment. There are many examples of ecosystems - a pond, a forest, an estuary, a grassland. 

 Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice commercial applications issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Two components of ecosystem are

  1. Plants and animals

  2. Trees and fungi

  3. Living and non living

  4. Frogs and man
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The ecosystem is comprised of various food chains in which the organisms interact with each other. There is also the involvement of the non-living forms. The living form is the biotic component and the non-living forms are the abiotic components. The producers, consumers and decomposers are the biotic components. Sunlight, air and water are the abiotic components. 

Thus, the correct answer is option C. 

Multiple choice evs - i issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

What are biotic components?

  1. The living components

  2. The non-living components

  3. Both living and non-living

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • The ecosystem is comprised of various food chains in which the organisms interact with each other.
  • There is also involvement of the non-living forms. The living form is the biotic components and the non-living forms are the abiotic components. The producers, consumers, and decomposers are the biotic components. 
Thus, the correct answer is option A.