Constitutions and Law

In a republic form of government, the head of the state is an elected person and not a hereditary monarch. This word denotes a government where no one holds a public power as proprietary right. A democratic republic is an entity in which the head of state is elected, directly or indirectly, for a fixed tenure. The President of India is elected by an electoral college for a term of five years. The post of the President of India is not hereditary. Every citizen of India is eligible to become the President of the country. The leader of the state is elected by the people.

The salient feature of the Indian Constitution includes all the given options, except (1). Presidential type of government is not the salient feature of the Indian constitution. India follows Parliamentary type of government. USA follows a Presidential type of government. 

The Constitution of India is the supreme law of India. It lays down the framework defining fundamental political principles, establishes the structure, procedures, powers and duties of government institutions. The Constitution of India is divided into 22 parts. 

The Constitution of India is the supreme law of India. It lays down the framework defining the fundamental political principles, establishes the structure, procedures, powers and duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental rights, directive principles and the duties of citizens. Originally, there were 395 Articles and 8 Schedules, which further increased to 12. 

All the principles of the constitution once formed cannot be amended by any authority. So, the basic features of the Indian Constitution do not amount to a change was said by the Supreme Court of India.

The Constitution of India does not mention the post of the Deputy Prime Minister.

"Public authority" means any authority or body or institution of self-government established or constituted (a) by or under the Constitution; (b) by any other law made by Parliament; (c) by any other law made by State Legislature; (d) by notification issued or order made by the appropriate government

Effective implementation of the SARFAESI Act was delayed by more than two years because several writ petitions were filed in the High Courts. The matter was finally decided by this Court in Mardia Chemicals vs Union of India (2004) 4 SCC311 and the validity of the SARFAESI Act was upheld except the condition of deposit of 75% amount enshrined in Section 17(2).

Correct Answer: Magna Carta

Article 32 of the Indian Constitution guarantees the right to constitutional remedies, allowing citizens to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of fundamental rights. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar called it the 'heart and soul' of the Constitution. Article 32 empowers individuals to seek judicial remedy through writs like habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto, and certiorari.

Pilgrimages, other than pilgrimages to places outside India are on the State List.

Option 1: 111^th Constitutional Amendment Bill refers to professional management of co-operative societies. Option 2: 114^th Constitutional Amendment Bill proposes that the Constitution allows every judge of a High Court including additional and acting judges to hold office till 62 years. The bill increases the age limit to 65 years. Option 3: The Government of India has introduced the 115^th Constitutional Amendment Bill 2011, on Goods and Services Tax (GST) in the Budget Session of Parliament. The bill has been referred to the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Finance. This was introduced in the Parliament to provide for levy of Goods and Services Tax (GST) by the Union and the States/Union Territories having legislature. Hence, the correct option is 3.

The 42nd Amendment (1976) added Article 74(1) stating that the President 'shall act in accordance with the advice of the Council of Ministers'. This made it constitutionally mandatory rather than just a convention, removing any ambiguity about the President's discretion.

Correct Answer: Financial emergency due to economic instability