Computer Networks

NIC (Network Interface Card) is the hardware component that allows a computer to connect to a network. It's commonly called a 'LAN card' because it's the physical interface for Local Area Network connections, implementing the physical and data-link layer protocols.

In token ring networks, a special frame called the 'token' circulates continuously around the ring. Only the computer currently holding the token has permission to transmit data, preventing collisions and ensuring orderly access to the network medium.

Servers are powerful computers that provide shared resources like files, printers, applications, and services to client computers connected to a network. They handle requests from clients and manage centralized resources for efficient distribution.

A router is required on a network to share a broadband Internet connection among multiple devices. While a modem connects to the ISP, only a router can distribute that connection to multiple devices through network address translation (NAT) and routing functions.

Network architecture refers to the design and structure of the network, including its topology, protocols, hardware components, and how devices communicate. It's the blueprint that defines how the network is organized and functions.

A modem (modulator-demodulator) converts digital computer signals to analog signals for transmission over telephone lines, then converts analog signals back to digital at the receiving end. This enables digital devices to communicate over analog phone infrastructure.

Clock synchronization is used in the preamble of an Ethernet network. It provides synchronization and input timing to the frame to alert the receiving system.

It substitutes long zero level pulses with a combination of other levels to provide synchronization.

The IEEE standard 802.2 defines the Logical Link Control (LLC).

Every device has a dedicated point to point link to every other device. Dedicated means that, the link carries traffic only between the two devices it connects. Therefore, mesh topology provides bidirectional links between each possible nodes.

BNC are the T-shaped connectors, used to connect the cable, at two ends and NIC's .

Data link control is a bit oriented protocol for managing the flow of information in a data communication system.

Broadband LAN uses frequency division multiplexing on a coaxial cable to exchange information.

It has a multiring functionality, so we can say, it looks like a FDDI. Both species 100 mbps token passing rings, two rings and one ring for a backbone.

 Data link layer provides a raw transmission facility on a reliable link.It is responsible for moving frames from one node to the next.The following are the responsibilities of data link layer:framing,error control,access control,flow control and physical addressing. It delivers data on the data link layer by hop-to-hop(node-to-node) and a bridge operates on this layer between two adjacent nodes.it provides node to node delivery of data,so it is the correct answer.