Social Science

Cognitive Biases and Decision Making

1,902 Questions

Explore a curated set of questions on cognitive biases, decision making, and behavioral economics. These concepts evaluate how social norms, emotions, and heuristics influence human judgment and group behavior. Master these topics to build a strong foundation for psychology and social science exams.

Behavioral economicsSocial group influencesEmotional decision makingConfirmation bias

Cognitive Biases and Decision Making Questions

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency for individuals to engage in health behaviors that are consistent with their values and beliefs?

  1. Health value orientation

  2. Health belief orientation

  3. Health behavior orientation

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Health value orientation is the term for the tendency for individuals to engage in health behaviors that are consistent with their values and beliefs.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency for individuals to engage in health behaviors that are consistent with their perceived risks and benefits?

  1. Health risk-benefit orientation

  2. Health belief orientation

  3. Health behavior orientation

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Health risk-benefit orientation is the term for the tendency for individuals to engage in health behaviors that are consistent with their perceived risks and benefits.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to attribute our successes to internal factors and our failures to external factors?

  1. Self-Serving Bias

  2. Confirmation Bias

  3. Fundamental Attribution Error

  4. Illusory Correlation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Self-serving bias refers to the tendency to attribute positive outcomes to our own abilities and negative outcomes to external factors.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to conform to the opinions or behaviors of a group?

  1. Groupthink

  2. Social Facilitation

  3. Social Loafing

  4. Deindividuation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Groupthink refers to the tendency to conform to the opinions or behaviors of a group, even when those opinions or behaviors are irrational or harmful.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to perceive others as being more similar to ourselves than they actually are?

  1. Illusory Correlation

  2. Confirmation Bias

  3. Fundamental Attribution Error

  4. Self-Serving Bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Illusory correlation refers to the tendency to perceive others as being more similar to ourselves than they actually are.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to attribute our failures to internal factors and our successes to external factors?

  1. Self-Serving Bias

  2. Confirmation Bias

  3. Fundamental Attribution Error

  4. Illusory Correlation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Fundamental attribution error refers to the tendency to attribute our failures to internal factors and our successes to external factors.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to perceive others as being more different from ourselves than they actually are?

  1. Illusory Correlation

  2. Confirmation Bias

  3. Fundamental Attribution Error

  4. Out-Group Homogeneity Bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Out-group homogeneity bias refers to the tendency to perceive others who belong to different groups as being more similar to each other than they actually are.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to perceive others as being more similar to ourselves than they actually are?

  1. Illusory Correlation

  2. Confirmation Bias

  3. Fundamental Attribution Error

  4. Self-Serving Bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Illusory correlation refers to the tendency to perceive others as being more similar to ourselves than they actually are.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is an example of a bottom-up processing approach in perception?

  1. Recognizing a face in a crowd.

  2. Interpreting the meaning of a sentence.

  3. Making an inference based on prior knowledge.

  4. Predicting the outcome of an event.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Recognizing a face in a crowd is an example of a bottom-up processing approach, where sensory information is processed from the individual features of the face to the overall gestalt.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to perceive objects as complete and whole, even when they are partially hidden or incomplete?

  1. Gestalt perception

  2. Figure-ground segregation

  3. Depth perception

  4. Motion perception
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Gestalt perception is the tendency to perceive objects as complete and whole, even when they are partially hidden or incomplete. This is based on the principle that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a common cognitive bias that can influence voter behavior?

  1. Confirmation bias

  2. Framing effect

  3. Availability heuristic

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Confirmation bias, framing effect, and availability heuristic are all common cognitive biases that can influence voter behavior.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where individuals feel pressure to conform to the beauty standards portrayed in the media?

  1. Beauty pressure

  2. Beauty conformity

  3. Beauty anxiety

  4. Beauty stress
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Beauty pressure is the term used to describe the phenomenon where individuals feel pressure to conform to the beauty standards portrayed in the media. This pressure can come from a variety of sources, including peers, family, and the media itself.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the emotional response that arises when we perceive a discrepancy between our current state and our desired state?

  1. Dissonance

  2. Frustration

  3. Anxiety

  4. Regret
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Dissonance refers to the psychological discomfort that arises when we perceive a discrepancy between our current state and our desired state, motivating us to take action to reduce this discrepancy.

Multiple choice

Which cognitive bias is often exploited by marketers to influence consumer behavior?

  1. Confirmation bias

  2. Framing effect

  3. Availability heuristic

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Marketers frequently use cognitive biases such as confirmation bias, framing effect, and availability heuristic to shape consumer perceptions and decisions.

Multiple choice

Which cognitive principle suggests that consumers tend to prefer products that are presented in a positive light?

  1. Framing effect

  2. Anchoring effect

  3. Availability heuristic

  4. Mere exposure effect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The framing effect is a cognitive principle that demonstrates how the way information is presented can influence consumer preferences and decisions.