Social Science

Cognitive Biases and Decision Making

1,902 Questions

Explore a curated set of questions on cognitive biases, decision making, and behavioral economics. These concepts evaluate how social norms, emotions, and heuristics influence human judgment and group behavior. Master these topics to build a strong foundation for psychology and social science exams.

Behavioral economicsSocial group influencesEmotional decision makingConfirmation bias

Cognitive Biases and Decision Making Questions

Multiple choice

What is the term for the phenomenon where users develop unrealistic expectations about the capabilities of an ML system?

  1. Automation bias

  2. Confirmation bias

  3. Overconfidence bias

  4. Illusion of control bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Overconfidence bias refers to the tendency of users to overestimate their own abilities and knowledge, which can lead them to develop unrealistic expectations about the capabilities of an ML system.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the phenomenon where users are more likely to trust the output of an ML system if it is presented in a visually appealing or persuasive manner?

  1. Automation bias

  2. Confirmation bias

  3. Overconfidence bias

  4. Framing effect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Framing effect refers to the phenomenon where users are more likely to trust the output of an ML system if it is presented in a visually appealing or persuasive manner, even if the underlying data or algorithm is the same.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the phenomenon where users are more likely to trust the output of an ML system if it is presented by a human rather than a machine?

  1. Automation bias

  2. Confirmation bias

  3. Overconfidence bias

  4. Anthropomorphism bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Anthropomorphism bias refers to the tendency of users to attribute human-like qualities to non-human entities, such as ML systems, which can lead them to be more trusting of the system's output.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the phenomenon where users are more likely to trust the output of an ML system if it is presented in a confident or assertive manner?

  1. Automation bias

  2. Confirmation bias

  3. Overconfidence bias

  4. Authority bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Authority bias refers to the tendency of users to trust the output of an ML system more if it is presented in a confident or assertive manner, even if the underlying data or algorithm is the same.

Multiple choice

Which perceptual phenomenon can lead soldiers to misinterpret ambiguous stimuli as threats, increasing the likelihood of false alarms?

  1. Confirmation Bias

  2. Perceptual Narrowing

  3. Illusory Correlation

  4. Attentional Bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Attentional bias refers to the tendency of soldiers to selectively focus on threat-related stimuli, making them more likely to misinterpret ambiguous stimuli as threats and leading to false alarms.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where soldiers experience a narrowing of their perceptual field, focusing primarily on task-relevant information and ignoring peripheral stimuli?

  1. Perceptual Broadening

  2. Tunnel Vision

  3. Sensory Overload

  4. Perceptual Narrowing
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Tunnel vision is a perceptual phenomenon where soldiers' focus narrows to a small area, often the immediate task at hand, while ignoring peripheral stimuli, potentially leading to missed threats.

Multiple choice

Which perceptual phenomenon can lead soldiers to perceive ambiguous stimuli as threats, even when there is no actual danger present?

  1. Perceptual Broadening

  2. Illusory Correlation

  3. Confirmation Bias

  4. Attentional Bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Illusory correlation refers to the tendency of soldiers to perceive a relationship between events that are not actually connected, leading them to see threats where there are none.

Multiple choice

Which perceptual phenomenon can lead soldiers to perceive threats as being more severe or imminent than they actually are, potentially leading to exaggerated reactions?

  1. Perceptual Narrowing

  2. Confirmation Bias

  3. Illusory Correlation

  4. Attentional Bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Confirmation bias refers to the tendency of soldiers to seek out information that confirms their existing beliefs or expectations, leading them to perceive threats as being more severe or imminent than they actually are.

Multiple choice

Which perceptual phenomenon can lead soldiers to perceive patterns or connections between events that are not actually related, potentially leading to false conclusions or misinterpretations?

  1. Illusory Correlation

  2. Confirmation Bias

  3. Attentional Bias

  4. Perceptual Narrowing
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Illusory correlation refers to the tendency of soldiers to perceive patterns or connections between events that are not actually related, leading them to draw false conclusions or misinterpretations based on these perceived correlations.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the tendency for healthcare professionals to rely on their intuition and experience rather than objective data when making decisions?

  1. Cognitive biases

  2. Confirmation bias

  3. Availability heuristic

  4. Representativeness heuristic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cognitive biases are the tendency for healthcare professionals to rely on their intuition and experience rather than objective data when making decisions.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is an example of a cognitive bias that can lead to errors in healthcare?

  1. Confirmation bias

  2. Availability heuristic

  3. Representativeness heuristic

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

All of the above are examples of cognitive biases that can lead to errors in healthcare.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the psychological phenomenon where individuals tend to perceive themselves as more attractive when surrounded by beautiful objects or environments?

  1. Beauty Bias

  2. Halo Effect

  3. Confirmation Bias

  4. Self-Enhancement Bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Beauty Bias refers to the tendency for individuals to perceive themselves as more attractive when surrounded by beautiful objects or environments.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the psychological phenomenon where individuals tend to associate positive qualities with physically attractive people?

  1. Halo Effect

  2. Beauty Bias

  3. Confirmation Bias

  4. Self-Enhancement Bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Halo Effect refers to the tendency for individuals to associate positive qualities with physically attractive people, leading to favorable judgments and evaluations.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the psychological phenomenon where individuals tend to perceive themselves as more attractive when they are in a positive mood?

  1. Mood-Dependent Memory

  2. Beauty Bias

  3. Confirmation Bias

  4. Self-Enhancement Bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Mood-Dependent Memory refers to the tendency for individuals to recall memories that are congruent with their current mood, leading to a distorted perception of their attractiveness.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the psychological phenomenon where individuals tend to perceive themselves as more attractive when they are surrounded by other attractive individuals?

  1. Beauty Bias

  2. Halo Effect

  3. Confirmation Bias

  4. Self-Enhancement Bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Self-Enhancement Bias refers to the tendency for individuals to perceive themselves as more attractive, intelligent, and successful than they actually are.