Chemistry

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

1,420 Questions

This section tests your knowledge of chemical bonding, molecular structure, and hybridization. It covers ionic and covalent bonds, octet rule exceptions, and molecular geometry. These chemistry questions are common in various competitive entrance examinations.

Ionic and covalent bondsHybridisation of elementsOctet rule exceptionsMolecular geometryIntermolecular forces

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Questions

Multiple choice chemistry classification of elements- the periodic table periodic trends in physical properties properties and trend trends in periodic table electronic configuration and valency electron configuration

Mulliken scale of elecrtonegativity uses the concept of:

  1. E. A. and EN of pauling

  2. E.A. and atomic size

  3. E.A. and I.P.

  4. E.A. and bond energy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Mulliken proposed that the arithmetic mean of the first ionization energy and the electron affinity should be a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract electrons.

Multiple choice chemistry classification of elements- the periodic table periodic trends in physical properties properties and trend trends in periodic table electronic configuration and valency electron configuration

If the ionisation potential is IP, electron affinity is EA and electronegativity is x then which of the following relation is correct.

  1. 2X-EA-IP=0

  2. 2EA-X-IP=0

  3. 2IP-X-EA=0

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Electron affinity: The amount of energy released when an electron is added to the outermost shell of one mole of an isolated gaseous atom in its lower energy state.

Ionisation energy: Minimum energy required to remove most loosly held outer most shell e – in ground state from an isolated gaseous atom is known as ionisation potential.

$\displaystyle X= \frac{IP+EA}{2}$

$2X-IP-EA=0$
Multiple choice acyl chlorides carboxylic acids and their derivatives functional derivatives of carboxylic acids carbonyl compounds chemistry

Which of the following cannot be named as a derivative of $CH _{3}COOH$?

  1. $CH _{3}CH _{2}COOH$
  2. $(CH _{3}) _{2}CHCOOH$
  3. $HCOOH$
  4. $(CH _{3}) _{3}CCOOH$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Option A, B and D can be derived from $CH _3 COOH$ while option C, i.e., $HCOOH$ cannot be derived from $CH _3COOH$ as $HCOOH$ has one carbon less than $CH _3COOH$.


Option C is correct.

Multiple choice economics environment pollution environment and pollution for a pollution free nature natural resources- air, water and land

Among the following compounds, which one is not responsible for the depletion of ozone layer?

  1. $CH _4$
  2. $CFCl _3$
  3. $CHCl _3$
  4. $Cl _2$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The details of polar ozone hole formation differ from that of mid-latitude thinning but the most important process in both is catalytic destruction of ozone is by atomic halogens. 

The main source of these halogen atoms in the stratosphere is photo dissociation of man-made halocarbon refrigerants, solvents, propellants, and foam-blowing agents (chlorofluorocarbon (CFCs), HCFCs, freons, halons). These compounds are transported into the stratosphere by winds after being emitted at the surface.

So, $C{ H } _{ 4 }$ does not contain a halogen therefore it is not responsible for the depletion of ozone layer.

Multiple choice chemistry alcohols, esters and carboxylic acids reduction of carboxylic acids chemical properties chemical properties of carboxylic acids

$PhCOOH\xrightarrow{DIBALH} $ 

  1. $PhCHO$
  2. $PhO$
  3. $PhCH _2OH$

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Benzoic acid on reduction with di-isobutyl aluminium hydride (DIBALH) gives benzaldehyde.
$\displaystyle PhCOOH \xrightarrow {DIBALH} PhCHO $
Di-isobutyl aluminium hydride (DIBALH) is a reducing agent. It reduces carboxylic acids to aldehydes.

Multiple choice organic compounds with functional group containing oxygen (part-1) uses of alcohols commercially important alcohols - ethanol some commercially important alcohols

Identify the odd one out from the following.

  1. Chloroform

  2. Formaldehyde

  3. Methyl chloride

  4. Methylated spirit
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Denatured alcohol, also called methylated spirits or denatured rectified spirit, is ethanol that has additives to make it poisonous. Rest are made from methane.

Multiple choice bonding in metals metallic bonding chemical bonding and structure chemical bonding and molecular structure chemistry

Metallic bond is formed by sharing of electrons between ______.

  1. Two atoms

  2. Many atoms

  3. Three atoms

  4. Four atoms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Metallic bond is formed by sharing of electrons between many atoms A metallic bond is pretty different from covalent and ionic bonds, but the goal is the same: to achieve a lower energy state. Instead of a bond between just two atoms, a metallic bond is a sharing of electrons between many atoms of a metal element. Hence option B is correct.

Multiple choice bonding in metals metallic bonding chemical bonding and structure chemical bonding and molecular structure chemistry

A metallic bond differs form a covalent bond in that:

  1. it is not directional

  2. it is not saturable

  3. the valence electrons are not attached to any particular atom

  4. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Metallic bond is the force of attraction between many valence electrons and positive ions such that a single electron is attracted by many positive ions (also known as kernel). Hence it is non-directional and non-saturable.


Whereas covalent bond is formed by sharing of valence electrons between two particular atoms which makes it directional as well as saturable.

Multiple choice bonding in metals metallic bonding chemical bonding and structure chemical bonding and molecular structure chemistry

The type of bond between atoms of calcium in a crystal of calcium is:

  1. Hydrogen bond

  2. Ionic bond

  3. Polar covalent bond

  4. Pure covalent bond

  5. Metallic bond
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

The type of bond between atoms of calcium in a crystal of calcium is Metallic bond.
Metallic solids are the crystalline solids formed by atoms of the same metallic element. The bonding electrons are delocalised over entire crystal lattice and can move freely from one end to other. These bonding electrons forms sea of electrons whereas metal ions form a kernel. Metallic bond is the electrostatic attractive force between positively charged metallic ions and negatively charged delocalised electrons.

Multiple choice bonding in metals metallic bonding chemical bonding and structure chemical bonding and molecular structure chemistry

Metallic bonding is explained by:

  1. electron sea model

  2. band model

  3. both A and B

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In contrast to electrons that participate in both ionic and covalent bonds, electrons that participate in metallic bonds delocalize, forming a sea of electrons around the positive nuclei of metals. The availability of "free" electrons contributes to metals being excellent conductors.

Multiple choice chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) uses of alkali and alkaline earth metals uses of s block elements group 1 elements: alkali metals

$MCrO _{4(s)}\overset{CH _{3}COOH(aq)}{\rightarrow}MCrO _{4}$  ( Suspension) above change is correct for which metal ion (s) ? 

  1. $Ba^{2+},Sr^{2+},Ca^{2+}$
  2. $Ba^{2+},Sr^{2+}$
  3. Only $Ba^{2+}$
  4. $Sr^{2+},Ca^{2+}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Barium chromate (BaCrO4) is insoluble in water but dissolves in acidic solutions like acetic acid due to the formation of the dichromate ion. Strontium and calcium chromates are more soluble and do not behave as suspensions in the same way.