Chemistry

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

1,277 Questions

This section tests your knowledge of chemical bonding, molecular structure, and hybridization. It covers ionic and covalent bonds, octet rule exceptions, and molecular geometry. These chemistry questions are common in various competitive entrance examinations.

Ionic and covalent bondsHybridisation of elementsOctet rule exceptionsMolecular geometryIntermolecular forces

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Questions

Multiple choice chemistry lattice energy defining lattice energy ionic or electrovalent bond energy cycles

The lattice energy of four ionic compounds $W, X, Y,$ and $Z$ are measured. The energies are found to be $-922\ kJ/mol, -769\ kJ/mol, -718\ kJ/ mol,$ and $-688\ kJ/mol$ respectively.
The four ionic, compounds are $NaCl, NaF, KBr$, and $KCl$.
Which of these ionic compounds could be identified as compound X based on the lattice energy?

  1. $NaCl$
  2. $NaF$
  3. $KBr$
  4. $KCl$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Lattice energy magnitude increases with smaller ionic radii and higher charges. Among the compounds, NaF has the smallest ions and highest lattice energy, while KBr has the largest ions and lowest lattice energy. NaCl falls in the middle range.

Multiple choice chemistry lattice energy defining lattice energy ionic or electrovalent bond energy cycles

The correct order of the lattice energies of the following ionic compound is :

  1. $NaCl > MgBr _2 > CaO > Al _2O3$
  2. $NaCl > CaO > MgBr _2 > Al _2O _3
    $
  3. $Al _2O _3 > MgBr _2 > CaO > NaCl$
  4. $Al _2O _3 > CaO > MgBr _2 > NaCl$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Charge matter in lattice energy so here $Al^{+3}, Ca^{+2}, Mg^{+2}, Na^+$ and $O^{-2}$ & $Br^{-1}$
So $cao>MgBr _2 \Rightarrow$ overall order $Al _2O _3>Cao>MgBr _2>NaCl.$

Multiple choice chemistry atoms, molecules and radicals history of atomic model atomic theory of dalton daltons atomic theory

If combining atoms of a compound have nearly similar electronegativities the bond between them is_____

  1. electrovalent

  2. covalent

  3. metallic

  4. ionic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.
So, combining atoms of a compound have nearly similar electronegativities the bond between them is covalent.

Multiple choice chemistry atoms, molecules and radicals history of atomic model atomic theory of dalton daltons atomic theory

Which of the following correctly represents symbol for chlorine in Berzelius system?

  1. M

  2. Cl

  3. Mn

  4. C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

M correctly represents a symbol for chlorine in Berzelius system. The symbol M was derived from the word Muriatic Radicle which signifies element chlorine. At present, the symbol M is replaced with symbol Cl.

Multiple choice evs sources of water water resources and conservation receding water table water conservation and irrigation importance of water water: a precious resource

What is structure of water?

  1. Bihedral

  2. Trihedral

  3. Tetrahedral Arrangement

  4. Singe hedral
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In a water molecule (H2O), the oxygen atom is sp3 hybridized, resulting in a tetrahedral arrangement of electron pairs, with the two hydrogen atoms occupying two of the corners.

Multiple choice aluminium patterns and properties of metals chemistry

$AlCl _3$ is an electron deficient compound but $AlF _3$ is not. This is because:

  1. atomic size of F is smaller than Cl which makes $AlF _3$ more covalent
  2. $AlCl _3$ is a covalent compound while $AlF _3$ is an ionic compound
  3. $AlCl _3$ exists as a dimer but $AlF _3$ does not
  4. $Al$ in $AlCl _3$ is in $sp^3$ hybrid state but Al in $AlF _3$ is in $sp^2$ state
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

There is this rule called as Fajan's rule which states that with increasing size of the anion and with decreasing size of the cation ionic character of the compound decreases while the covalent character increases.

Here, since the cation is same in both the compounds, the size of the anion decides the nature of the compound. Size of chlorine being greater than fluorine, $AlCl _3$ is covalent while $AlF _3$ is ionic.

Multiple choice physics magnetism and matter magnetic materials behaviour of substances in magnetic field classification of magnetic materials

The relative permeability of silicon is $0.99837$ and that of palladium is $1.00692$, choose the correct option from the following :

  1. silicon is paramagnetic and palladium is ferromagnetic

  2. silicon is ferromagnetic and palladium is paramagnetic

  3. silicon is diamagnetic and palladium is paramagnetic

  4. Both are paramagnetic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Diamagnetic           Paramagnetic             Ferromagnetic
-1 $\leq$ $\chi$ < 0                  0 < $\chi$ < $\varepsilon$                  $\chi$ >> 1
0 $\leq$ $\mu _{r}$ < 1                1 < $\mu _{r}$ < 1+ $\varepsilon$               $\mu _{r}$ >> 1
$\chi$ $=$ magnetic susceptibility
$\mu _{r}$ $=$ relative permeability.
$\varepsilon$ < 1 and small.

Multiple choice carbon tetrachloride ddt preparation of haloalkanes halogen derivatives

Which of the following are polyhalogen compounds?

  1. Dichloromethane

  2. Chloroform

  3. Tetrachloromethane

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Dichloromethane is $CH _2Cl _2$.
Chloroform is $CHCl _3$.
Tetrachloromethane is $CCl _4$. 
All contain more than one halogen, so, they are all polyhalogen compounds.

Multiple choice chemistry electrolysis electrolytes and non-electrolytes introduction to electrolysis chemical reactions

An electrolyte:

  1. has positive charge

  2. has negative chargec

  3. should be able to conduct charge without dissociating

  4. should able to form positive and negative ions
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A Chemical compound that conducts electricity by changing into ions like cations and anions when melted or dissolved into a solution.

Eg: Sodium chloride.