Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

4,989 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following shows the correct order of sexual reproduction in plants?

  1. Gametes - Fusion - Embryo - Fertilization - Zygote - New individual

  2. Gametes - Fusion - Zygote - Fertilization - Embryo - New individual

  3. Gamete - Fusion - Fertilization - Zygote - Embryo - New individual

  4. Gamete - Zygote - Fusion - Fertilization - Embryo - New individual

  5. Gamete - Zygote - Fertilization - Fusion - Embryo - New individual
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

 Yes, it is correct. Two gametes, viz. male and female gametes, are formed. The fusion of male and female gametes is called fertilization.  Zygote is formed after fertilization. The zygote develops into an embryo and finally into a new individual.

Multiple choice

Pollen tube is produced from which of the following?

  1. The eggs in the ovary

  2. The anther at the top of filament

  3. Female nuclei

  4. Male nuclei

  5. The pollen that settles on top of stigma
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, it is the correct answer. When pollen settles on top of the stigma, it germinates to produce a pollen tube. The pollen tube enters the ovary through the style.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a characteristics of Angiosperms?

  1. Sporophylls are aggregated to form cones.

  2. The microspores and megaspores are produced by male and female cones.

  3. Vascular tissues such as xylem lacks vessels and pholem lacks companion cells.

  4. The ovules are not contained within an ovary.

  5. Endosperm cells are triploid.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as this is a characteristics of Angiosperms.

Multiple choice

Stem is modified into cladode in

  1. casuarina

  2. asparagus

  3. opuntia

  4. euphorbia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cladode is a type of phylloclade consisting of one internode only. These are cylindrical (not fleshy) and are mistaken for leaves

Multiple choice

The entry of pollen tube into the ovule through micropyle is called

  1. porogamy

  2. mesogamy

  3. anisogamy

  4. chalazogamy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Porogamy is the entry of pollen tube through the micropyle, the most common type of pollen tube entry in flowering plants. Mesogamy is through the integuments, chalazogamy is through the chalaza, and anisogamy refers to gametes of different sizes.

Multiple choice

Bicarpellary, syncarpous ovary with axile placentation is seen in

  1. solanaceae

  2. caesalpinaceae

  3. asteraceae

  4. malvaceae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Solanaceae family (e.g., tomato, brinjal, Datura) typically shows bicarpellary syncarpous ovary with axile placentation - where ovules are attached to a central column in a multilocular ovary. Malvaceae has axile placentation but often syncarpous with more carpels; Asteraceae usually shows basal placentation.

Multiple choice

Type of pollination in Commelina is

  1. chasmogamy

  2. geitonogamy

  3. xenogamy

  4. ceistogamy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cleistogamy is seen in underground flowers of Commelina bengalensis which are small and inconspicuous. This plant also bears chasmogamous blue flowers above.

Multiple choice

Kranz anatomy is a morphological diversity in the leaves of

  1. C3-plants

  2. C4-plants

  3. C3 and C4-plants

  4. CAM plants
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Kranz anatomy—It is a typical structure in the leaves of plants that have a C4-pathway of CO2 fixation. The leaves contain a ring of mesophyll cells, containing a few chloroplasts surroundings a sheath of bundle sheath cells having large chloroplasts involved in the Calvin cycle.