Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

5,038 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

A plant with bulb, trimerous flowers, $6$ stamens in two whorls belongs to a specific class in Bentham and Hooker's classification. The number of natural orders present in that class is

  1. $165$
  2. $202$
  3. $3$
  4. $34$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The plant described (bulb, trimerous, 6 stamens) is a monocot (Liliaceae). In Bentham and Hooker's system, the class Monocotyledones contains 34 natural orders.

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

Trimerous flowers occur in

  1. Monocots

  2. Dicots

  3. Gymnosperms

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Trimerous flowers are those that have floral parts in the count of three. These flowers are characteristic features of monocots. 

A. Monocots have trimerous florets.
B. Dicots either have tetramerous or pentamerous flowers. 

C. Gymnosperms do not have the flowers. They produce the naked seeds.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Monocots'

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

Wrong statement about angiospperm roots is?

  1. Apex is protected by root cap

  2. Vascular bundles are collateral

  3. Xylem is centripetal in young state

  4. Cuticle is absent in young state
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A. True - In Angiosperms, the root tip is covered by a protective layer called Root cap or Calyptra, to provide protection.

B. False - in the roots, xylem and phloem are present on the different radii. so they are called radial vascular bundles, not collateral vascular bundles.
C. True - in the roots, development of xylem proceeds from periphery to centre.  It is called centripetal development of xylem.
D. True - Roots are not covered externally by cuticle, it is waxy layer.
So, the correct option is ' Vascular bundles are collateral'.

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

Vessels are found in

  1. All pteridophytes

  2. All angiosperms

  3. Some gymnosperms

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vessels are one of the type of water conducting tissue. These cells are long, cylindrical, dead cells. Vessels are absent in pteridophytes. These cells are present in all angiosperms and some gymnosperms. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

Which of the following statements is not true about the life cycle of flowering plants.?

  1. Sporophyte is diploid

  2. Sporophyte produces heterospores

  3. Megagametophyte is the seed

  4. Megagametophyte is the embryo sac
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Megagametophyte develops from megaspore. The megaspore enlarges into an oval-shaped structure called the embryo sac, which is termed as megagametophyte.

Thus the correct answer is 'Megagametophyte is the seed'.

Multiple choice botany cell and cellular organization cell theory microscope cell and its discovery

Which one of the following is surrounded by a callose wall ?

  1. Pollen grain

  2. Microspore mother cell

  3. Male gamete

  4. Egg
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The deposition of callus occurs around the Microspore Mother Cell (MMC) prior to the cell undergoing meiotic division. The division results in the formation of a cluster of 4 haploid cells the microspores. These cells are held together by the callose to form a microspore tetrad. The callose deposition allows the development of the microspores into pollen grains by preventing them from sticking to each other. After complete development of the pollen the callose wall is disintegrated.

So, the correct answer is 'Microspore mother cell'

Multiple choice

Where would you find a sieve plate?

  1. in vessel members

  2. in phloem

  3. in the kitchen

  4. in companion cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A sieve plate is a specialized area of the cell wall in sieve tube members of the phloem, which contains pores that allow for the transport of nutrients between cells.

Multiple choice

Cork is produced when_________

  1. Wine is present

  2. the epidermis is replaced by the periderm

  3. the cortext pulls away from the stele

  4. the apical meristem differentiates the cells.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cork is produced by the cork cambium (phellogen) as part of the periderm, which replaces the epidermis in woody plants during secondary growth.

Multiple choice

Which is not one of the three primary meristems?

  1. Ground meristem

  2. Procambium

  3. Periderm

  4. Protoderm
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The three primary meristems are the protoderm, procambium, and ground meristem. The periderm is a secondary tissue, not a primary meristem.

Multiple choice

Why do flowers have petals?

  1. to protect seeds

  2. to smell nice

  3. to attract animals for pollination
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Flowers have bright colors and scents primarily to attract pollinators like bees, butterflies, and birds, which facilitates the reproductive process.

Multiple choice

The flower organ where pollen is made is called a/an:

  1. anther

  2. pistil

  3. stamen

  4. petal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The anther is the specific part of the stamen where pollen grains are produced. The stamen is the entire male structure, while the pistil is the female structure.