Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

5,038 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

Find out the similarity between gymnosperms and angiosperms

  1. Naked ovules

  2. Polyembryony

  3. Double fertilization

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Gymnosperms and angiosperms do not share naked ovules (gymnosperms have them, angiosperms do not), polyembryony (common in gymnosperms, rare in angiosperms), or double fertilization (exclusive to angiosperms).

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

Occurrence of triploid $\left(3n\right)$ endosperm is characteristic feature of

  1. Algae

  2. Bryophyte

  3. Gymnosperms

  4. Angiosperms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Triploid endosperm is formed by the fusion of one male gamete with two polar nuclei, a process known as triple fusion, which is exclusive to angiosperms.

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

Which is not true about monocots?

  1. Embryo has single cotyledon

  2. Leaves show parallel venation

  3. Flowers are generally trimerous

  4. Vascular bundles are conjoint, collateral and open
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Monocots have closed vascular bundles (lacking cambium). Open vascular bundles, which allow for secondary growth, are characteristic of dicots.

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

Consider the following statements with respect to angiosperms.
(a) Male sex organ in a flower is the stamen
(b) Anthers following mitosis produce pollen grains
(c) In an embryo sac, the primary endosperm nucleus (PEN) is diploid
(d) After double fertilization, ovules develop into seeds and ovaries into fruits
Of the above statements

  1. (c) and (d) are correct

  2. (a) and (b) are correct

  3. (a) and (c) are correct

  4. (a) and (d) are correct

  5. (b) and (c) are correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (a) is correct as the stamen is the male reproductive organ. Statement (d) is correct as ovules become seeds and ovaries become fruits. Statement (c) is incorrect because the PEN is triploid (3n), not diploid.

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

Read the following statements.
(a) Angiosperms range in size from microscopic Wolffia to tall trees of Eucalyptus
(b) In angiosperms, the seeds are enclosed by fruits
(c) Double fertilization is an event unique to angiosperms
(d) In angiosperms, each cell of embryo sac is diploid
(e) In angiosperms, the zygote develops into an endosperm
Of the above statements, the correct ones are

  1. $a, b$ and $d$
  2. $a, b$ and $e$
  3. $a, b$ and $c$
  4. $b, c$ and $d$
  5. $b, c$ and $e$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Statements (a), (b), and (c) are correct. Statement (d) is false because cells in the embryo sac are haploid (except the central cell). Statement (e) is false because the zygote develops into an embryo, not endosperm.

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

In grasses, the ligule occurs

  1. At leaf base

  2. Between leaf base and lamina

  3. Between leaf base and petiole

  4. Between petiole and lamina
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

 A ligule is an outgrowth present at the junction of leaf sheath and lamina in grasses. It occurs at the end of petiole at the leaf base. It is a strap-shaped extension of the corolla. It is a membranous appendages.

Thus, the correct answer is 'At leaf base.'

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

In monocots

  1. Leaves have reticulate venation

  2. Stems have annual rings

  3. Seed have two storage organs

  4. Stems have scattered conducting strands
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A. Leaves have reticulate venation – dicotyledons

B. Stems have annual rings – dictyledons

C. Seed have two storage organs -dicotyledons

D. Stems have scattered conducting strands – monocotyledons

So, the correct option is ‘stems have scattered conducting strands’.    

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

A monocot showing reticulate venation is

  1. <p>Bombusa</p>

  2. <p>Smilax</p>

  3. <p>Callophyllum</p>

  4. <p>Ginkgo</p>
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Smilax is an economically important monocotyledonous flowering plant belonging to family Liliaceae. It is found in tropics and subtropics worldwide. They are climbing flowering plants, many of which are woody and thorny. Usually, monocots show parallel venation (veins present in the leaf are arranged parallel to each other), but Smilax shows reticulate venation (veins are interconnected and forms web-like structure). So, the correct answer is 'Smilax'.