Botany and Plant Science

Angiosperms or flowering plants include all those plants in which seeds are enclosed in the fruits. An ovule is well developed in angiosperms. Thus option B is the correct answer.

A xylem vessel is a characteristic feature of an angiosperm and help in transportation of water. When it comes to transportation of food, it is the phloem that transports food materials from the leaves to the other parts. Sieve tube elements, companion cells, phloem parenchyma are the different components of the phloem. The sieve tube elements are arranged longitudinally with the companion cells and the pressure gradient in them is maintained by the companion cells

So, the correct answer is 'Angiosperm'

Vessels are present in most of the angiosperms and also in certain lower plants like Gnetum, Marsilea and Selaginella. Tracheids are found in pteridophytes, most of the gymnosperms and a few angiosperms.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.

A. Mistletoe is a common name for obligate hemiparasitic plants of order santalales. For example, Viscum species etc. It grows as tangled stem mass which can be upto 5 feet.

Angiosperms are fruit-bearing plants because angiosperms are vascular seed plants in which the ovule (egg) is fertilized and develops into a seed in an enclosed hollow ovary. The ovary itself is usually enclosed in a flower, which after fertilization turns into fruit.

Vessel members are the principal water-conducting cells in angiosperms (though most species also have tracheids) and are characterized by areas that lack both primary and secondary cell walls, known as perforations. Water flows relatively unimpeded from vessel to vessel through these perforations, though fractures and disruptions from air bubbles are also more likely. 

Trochodendron is a genus of flowering plants with one living species, Trochodendron aralioides, and six extinct species known from the fossil record. Trochodendron aralioides is an evergreen tree or large shrub growing to 20 m tall. Trochodendron and Tetracentron lack vessel elements in their wood, a quite unusual feature in angiosperms. 

Sieve-tube members of angiosperms are associated by living companion cells. In contrast to gymnosperms where the vascular system only has tracheids, both tracheids and vessels occur as water-conducting cells in most angiosperms.  

All four statements are correct: (i) gametophytes in phanerogams are dependent, (ii) nectar robbers can facilitate pollination, (iii) hypogeal germination is characteristic of these plants, and (iv) the secondary nucleus is indeed diploid and dikaryotic.

Double fertilisation is present in Angiosperms. One male gamete takes part in fertilisation and fuses with the egg, while the other one fuses with secondary nucleus of embryo sac.

In angiosperms, the functional megaspore undergoes mitosis to develop into the embryo sac, which serves as the female gametophyte.

Angiosperms are flowering plants, characterized by the production of seeds enclosed within an ovary. Gymnosperms produce naked seeds, while bryophytes and algae do not produce seeds or flowers.

Double fertilization refers to the complex fertilization mechanism of flowering plants. Being a charasterisitcs of all Angiosperms, each pollen grain produces two sperms, where one fuses with an egg to form the zygote, and the other fuses with polar nuclei in the female gametophyte (megagametophyte, or the embryo sac) to form an endosperm. The process in which both nuclei from the pollen tube fuse is referred to as double fertilization.