Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

4,989 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

Gymnosperms differ from pteridophytes (gymnosperms are characterised by)

  1. Naked ovule

  2. Circinate ptyxis

  3. Leaf arrangement

  4. Gametophyte
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The defining characteristic of gymnosperms compared to pteridophytes is the production of seeds, specifically 'naked' ovules that are not enclosed in an ovary. Pteridophytes produce spores, not seeds.

Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

Which is not a feature of gymnosperms?

  1. Parallel venation

  2. Perennial nature

  3. Dimorphic branches

  4. Xylem with vessels
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Gymnosperm xylem typically consists of tracheids. The presence of vessels is a characteristic feature of angiosperms, not gymnosperms (with rare exceptions like Gnetales).

Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

Pollen chambers present in gymnosperms represents

  1. Microsporangium

  2. Pollen grain cell where sperms are formed

  3. Opening of megagametophyte for passage of pollen tube to egg

  4. Cavity in nucellus for resting pollen grains after pollination
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In gymnosperms, the pollen chamber is a space formed in the nucellus of the ovule where pollen grains are received and germinate before fertilization.

Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

Consider the following statements regarding gymnosperms and choose the correct option.
(a) In gymnosperms the male and the female gametophytes have an independent existence
(b) The multicellular female gametophyte is retained within megasporangium
(c) The gymnosperms are heterosporous. Of these statements

  1. b and c are true but a is false

  2. a and b are true but c is false

  3. a and c are true but b is false

  4. b and c are false but a is true

  5. a and c are false but b is true
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Gymnosperms are heterosporous (c is true). The female gametophyte is multicellular and retained within the megasporangium (b is true). The gametophytes are not independent (a is false).

Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

Which is characteristic feature of gymnosperms?

  1. Gymnosperms are homosporous

  2. The female and male gametophytes do not have independent free living existence

  3. Sporophyte is dependent on gametophyte

  4. The ovules are enclosed by ovary

  5. Pollen grains are released by megasporangium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In gymnosperms, the gametophytes are reduced and dependent on the sporophyte, meaning they do not have an independent free-living existence.

Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

Hydrostereom or transfusion tissue is found in ________

  1. Gymnosperm roots

  2. Gymnosperm leaves

  3. Gymnosperm stems

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Transfusion tissue is specifically located in the leaves of gymnosperms, where it facilitates the movement of water between the vascular bundles and the mesophyll cells.

Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

Select the correct statement 

  1. Leaves of gymnosperms are not well adapted to extremes of climate.

  2. Gymnosperms are both homosporous and heterosporous.

  3. Salvinia, Ginkgo and Pinus are all gymnosperms.

  4. Sequoia is one of the tallest trees.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sequoia is one of the tallest trees. It is also known as the redwood tree. Leaves of gymnosperms are well adapted to the extreme of climate. Gymnosperms are heterosporous. They have both pollen and tubules. Salvinia is a pteridophyte whereas Ginkgo and Pinus are gymnosperms.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

A plant in which fertilization occurs after the shedding of seed is

  1. <p>Orchis</p>

  2. <p> Ginkgo</p>

  3. <p> Viscum</p>

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ginkgo is a gymnosperm, a naked seeded plant in which seed is not enclosed inside the fruit. It is a dioecious plant in which the male and female species do not grow and produce reproductive organs at the same time. First, the female trees produce their seeds and then after four months, the pollen is produced to fertilize the female plant. Generally, the female plant produces two ovules both of which develop into seeds. The fertilization of seeds occurs via motile sperms. The fertilization occurs generally before or after the seeds are shed in autumn.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Ginkgo'.

Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Ovules are not found enclosed within ovary in

  1. gymnosperms

  2. spermatophytes

  3. dicotyledons

  4. monocotyledons
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Gymnosperms are seed-bearing vascular plants like cycads, conifers, yews and ginkgo in which the ovules are not enclosed in an ovary. So, the ovules are called naked. 

Hence, the correct answer is 'gymnosperms'.

Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Which one of the following characteristics can be used to distinguish gymnosperms from angiosperms?

  1. Presence of pollen chamber in gymnosperms

  2. Presence of naked ovules in gymnosperms

  3. Presence of stomata in angiosperms

  4. Absence of naked ovules in gymnosperms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Gymnosperms are the plants in which the ovules are not covered by an ovary, and the plant does not bear flowers. The seeds are naked.

So, the correct option is 'Presence of naked ovules in gymnosperms'

Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

Which of the following is correct?

  1. ln Pinus pollen grain are developed inside the megasporangia

  2. Coralloid roots are associated with Frankia

  3. Male and female cones are borne on the same tree in Pinus

  4. In Cycas the pinnate leaves persist for upto only few days
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
A cone is a structure present on conifers that contain the reproductive organs. The male and female cones are borne on the same tree in Pinus.

So, the correct answer is 'Male and female cones are borne on the same tree in pinus'.
Multiple choice evs flowers and fruits phanerogams gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom

A female gymnospermic plant has the genotype TT which pollinates another gymnosperms with the genotype tt. As a result of fertilization what will be the genotype of embryo and endosperm respectively?

  1. Tt, T

  2. Tt, TTt

  3. tt, Tt

  4. TTt, Tt
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • The endosperm is the storage tissue in the seeds of gymnosperms.
  • The genotype obtained in the $F _1$ generation will be Tt, when a homozygous gymnospermic plant (TT) is crossed with another (tt).
  • Thus, the embryo being diploid in nature will have the genotype Tt.
  • Whereas, the genotype of the endosperm will be TTt because it is triploid in nature.