Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

5,038 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice biology economic importance of plants and animals uses of angiosperms importance and classification of angiosperms classification of angiosperms importance of plants

In angiosperms the pollen grain is normally pollinated at ____________.

  1. One cell stage

  2. Two celled stage

  3. Three celled stage

  4. Four celled stage
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Pollen grains are shed at two-celled condition (a vegetative cell and a generative cell). In such plants, the generative cell divides and forms the two male gametes during the growth of pollen tube in the stigma.
So, the correct answer is 'Two celled stage'
Multiple choice biology economic importance of plants and animals uses of angiosperms importance and classification of angiosperms classification of angiosperms importance of plants

What statement is true about microspore of angiosperms.

  1. Resultant of mitotic division

  2. First cell of gamophytic generation

  3. Resultant of double fertilization

  4. First cell of endosperm
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The microspore is the first cell of the male gametophytic generation in angiosperms, formed after meiosis.

Multiple choice biology animal behaviour ethology natural selection coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

_______ are modified to form tendrlis in cucumber. 

  1. Terminal buds

  2. Axillary buds

  3. Thorns

  4. More than one option correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Tendrils is a modification in cucumber that helps the plant to climb higher and higher. These are skinny, wire-like structures along the plants stem. It also helps in grasping in cucumber. These tendrils are the modification of axillary buds located at the axial part of the leaf.

So, the correct option is 'Axillary buds'.

Multiple choice biology cell-the basic unit of life nucleus organelles in cell membranous and non-membranous organells

Choose the number of diploid structures in the list given.
Pollen grains, nucellus, perisperm, endosperm, embryosac, megaspore

  1. Two

  2. Three

  3. Four

  4. One
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Diploid (2n) structures in the list: Nucellus and Perisperm. Pollen grains (n), Endosperm (3n), Embryosac (n), and Megaspore (n) are not diploid. Thus, there are two.

Multiple choice biology cell-the basic unit of life nucleus organelles in cell membranous and non-membranous organells

Hammerling's experiments on Acetobularia involved exchanging

  1. Cytoplasm

  2. Nucleus

  3. Rhizoid and stalk

  4. Gametes.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Acetabularia cell is composed of three segments: the "rhizoid" or base which contains the nucleus, the "stalk," and the "cap." 
  • In his experiments, Hammerling grafted the stalk of one species of Acetabularia onto the rhizoid of another species. In all cases, the cap that eventually developed on the grafted cell matched the species of the rhizoid rather than that of the stalk.
  • This experiment shows that the base is responsible for the type of cap that grows. The nucleus that contains genetic information is in the base, so the nucleus directs cellular development.
  • So, the correct option is 'Rhizoid and stalk'.
Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

Grafting is not successful in monocots but is successful in dicots because they have

  1. Vascular bundles arranged in a ring

  2. Cambiurti for secondary growth

  3. Vessels with elements arranged end to end

  4. Cork cambium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Grafting is not successful is monocots but is successful in dicots because monocots lack cambium tissue which forms secondary growth. The cambium possesses the ability to form secondary xylem and phloem. It is present in dicots. In case of grafting, it is very important that the plant should form primary and secondary tissue for its survival. So, it take place only in dicots.

So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

The vegetative own in the where a branch is injured defoliated and pegged down in the ground is known as

  1. Layering

  2. grafting

  3. cutting

  4. bud grafting
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
In this method, the lower branch of the stem is bent down and partially defoliated. An injury is made in the defoliated portion. The injured and defoliated portion is covered with a light layer of moist soil in such a way that the growing tip of the branch remains above the soil surface. After a few days, the pegged portion develops adventitious roots. The rooted branch is then cut, separated from the parent plant and grown into a new plant. Examples - Jasmine, Grapevine, Strawberry, Raspberry, Cherry, etc.
So the correct option is 'Layering'.
Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

The part of the plant where metabolism takes place is

  1. Aerial

  2. Sub-aerial

  3. Underground

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Plant metabolism involves the complex of physical and chemical events of photosynthesis, respiration, and the synthesis and degradation of organic compounds. These processes are seen to occur in the aerial parts of the plant. So, the correct option is 'Aerial'.

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

During plant grafting, connection is made between stock and scion 

through ...................

  1. Xylem

  2. Phloem

  3. Cambium

  4. Tissue
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Grafting is a type of artificial vegetative propagation in plants. In grafting, a shoot of one plant (scion) is attached to shoot of another plant (stalk). The scion and shoot join to each other with the help of vascular cambium.

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

Part which is grafted on the stump of another plant is called as

  1. Graft

  2. Bulbil

  3. Scion

  4. Stock
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Grafting is a method in which two or more plant parts are joined such that they grow as a single plant. The upper plant part which is grafted onto the stump of another plant is called the scion. The lower part of plant on which scion is grafted is called as rootstock. Bulbil is a bulb-like structure present on the axil of a leaf. It is involved in vegetative propagation.

Thus, the correct answer is option C.