Botany and Plant Science

In plants like Beta vulgaris, the gynodioecious condition is seen in which some plants have bisexual or hermaphroditic or perfect flowers. These flowers have both the male sex organs (androecium) and female sex organs (gynoecium). Then there are some plants that have only the pistillate or female flowers. A population of plants belonging to a species in which there is a co-existence of bisexual and pistillate flowers is called gynodioecious.

A root hair, or absorbent hair, the rhizoid of a vascular plant, is a tubular outgrowth of a trichoblast, a hair-forming cell on the epidermis of a plant root. In root epidermis, epidermal hairs, termed root hairs are common and are specialized for absorption of water and mineral nutrients. In plants with secondary growth, the epidermis of roots and stems is usually replaced by a periderm through the action of a cork cambium. 

Three concentric regions of primary meristematic tissues develop immediately behind the apical meristem . These primary meristems produce the different tissues of the plant body: the outermost protoderm differentiates into the epidermis, a tissue that protects the plant; the adjacent ground meristem differentiates into the central ground tissues (the pith and cortex); and the procambium differentiates into the vascular tissues (the xylem, phloem, and vascular cambium).

Dicot roots have xylem in the center of the root and phloem outside the xylem. Phloem is surrounded by the pericycle followed by endodermis. Pericycle is made up parenchyma cells and sclerenchyma cells.
The cortex is the outer most layer of the dicot root. Cortex is made up of epithelium cells. Pith is absent in it. Hence, total 5 types of tissues are present within dicot root.

Parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma are called simple tissues. And they are made up of similar kinds of cells. Vascular tissues are complex tissue as it is heterogeneous in nature with different types of cells. The main elements are the xylem, phloem and pericyclic.

Thus, the correct option is B.

Parenchyma form basic packing tissue but unspecialized function so many times in some plant it stores food.  

Cells forming the vessels are heavily ligniifed, dead, that is with no protoplasm and nucleus, forming a continuous lacuna by dissolution of the separating walls. 

Parenchyma is the simple permanent plant tissue and it contains non-specialized cells with thin cell walls. Parenchyma helps in storing food and providing support to the plants. The parenchyma of stem and roots helps to store the water and nutrient.

Collenchyma tissue is made up of elongated cells with irregularly thickened walls. Xylem is the tissue in the vascular plants. Its cells have thick, hard walls. Xylem tissue dies soon after its production. Phloem, are also called bast, tissues in plants that conduct the foods made in the leaves to its all other parts.

So answer A is correct.

In dicot stem, the lateral branches are exogenous in origin and they come out from the cortex of the stem. However, in dicot root, the lateral roots are endogenous in origin because they come out from the pericycle of the stem.

In a young dicot stem, the cambium is single layered. It is made by the intrafascicular cambium present within the vascular bundles and the dedifferentiation of the parenchyma cells of the medullary rays between the vascular bundles, called interfascicular cambium. Their combination gives a circular cambium that produces xylem elements on the inner side and the phloem elements on the outer side.

Cork cambium is secondary or lateral meristematic tissue that grows beneath the epidermis and replaces it in dicot roots and stems and is responsible for the secondary growth of the tree.

The pericycle is a thin layer located between the endodermis and phloem in plant roots. In dicot stems, it is located around the ring of vascular bundles in the stele. The nature of pericycle is sclrenchymatous.