Biology · Computer Knowledge

Medical and Biomedical Technology

1,872 Questions

Biomedical technology involves the application of engineering principles to medicine and biology. This hub covers medical robotics, tissue engineering, and cellular reprogramming. These concepts are essential for various competitive exams assessing general science and biology.

Medical roboticsTissue engineeringTranslational researchStem cell applicationsDrug delivery systems

Medical and Biomedical Technology Questions

Multiple choice zoology biotechnology: general introduction application of biotechnology miscellaneous applications of biotechnology application of biology in therapy and vaccine

____ are miniaturized labs which help in detection of diseases.

  1. Biotech labs

  2. Biomolecular labs

  3. Biolabs

  4. Biochips
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In molecular biology, biochips are essentially miniaturized laboratories that can perform hundreds or thousands of simultaneous biochemical reactions. Biochips enable researchers to quickly screen large numbers of biological analytes for a variety of purposes, from disease diagnosis to detection of bioterrorism agents.

Multiple choice nanoscience and nanotechnology nanotechnology logic gates

Which of the following are possible due to nanotechnology ?

  1. Anti-aging drugs

  2. Super-fluidity at high temperatures

  3. 3-dimensional (3D) printing

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Nanotechnology uses:

  1. Medicine: for chemotherapy and anti-ageing drugs
  2. Used in 3D printing
  3. Super fluidity at high temperature.

Multiple choice biology biotechnology and genetic engineering making use of enzymes genetic technology genetic engineering

Which of the following is a method of covalent bonding used during immobilisation?

  1. Diazotation

  2. Phosphorylation

  3. Dehydrogenation

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Covalent bonding is one of the commonly used methods of enzyme immobilization which engages the formation of covalent bonds between the enzymes & the support. Diazotation is a method of convalent bonding which displays the bonding between the amino group of support & tyrosyl or histidyl group of enzyme. 
So, the correct answer is 'Diazotation'
Multiple choice zoology biotechnology and its applications stem cell stem cells and applications stem cells organ donation and body donation blood and organ donation

Which of the following has reported success in re-growing cochlea hair cells with the use of embryonic stem cells?

  1. James E. Till

  2. Heller

  3. Eva Engvall

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The technique in which the stem cells are transplanted from donor into the patient for production of the new cells is known as the stem cell therapy. Heller was the scientist who performed experiments on the hair cells in the cochlea. The damaged hair cells were transplanted with the embryonic stem cells. The damaged cells showed growth and differentiated to form the hair cells. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology genetically engineered insulin application of biology in therapy and vaccine application of biotechnology in medicine

What is the advantage of clinical use of humulin over use of conventional ox or pig insulin __________________.

  1. It does not cause immunological problems

  2. It is cheaper for the patient

  3. It is produced by E. coli in our intestine

  4. There is no advantage
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Conventional insulin derived from animals often caused allergic reactions in patients due to slight differences in protein structure. Humulin, being identical to human insulin, avoids these immunological complications.

Multiple choice nanochemistry nanotechnology applied chemistry materials chemistry

Which of the following are applications of Nano particles?

  1. Targeted drugs may be developed

  2. Various routes of administration including oral, nasal, injection, intra-ocular (within the eyes) etc. can be used.

  3. The size and surface characteristics of nanoparticles can be easily manipulated. This could be used for both passive and active drug targeting

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • The size and surface characteristics of nanoparticles can be easily
    manipulated. This could be used for both passive and active drug targeting
  • Nanoparticles can be made to control and sustain release of the drug during the transportation as well as the location of the release.
    Since distribution and subsequent clearance of the drug from the body
    can be altered, an increase in drug therapeutic efficacy and reduction in side effects can be achieved.
  • Choosing an appropriate matrix also helps in increasing the efficacy and reducing side effects
  • Targeted drugs may be developed
  • Various routes of administration including oral, nasal, injection, intra-ocular (within the eyes) etc. can be used.
  • Hence option D is correct.
Multiple choice nanochemistry nanotechnology applied chemistry materials chemistry

Which of the following is true?

  1. The surface of quantum dot can be chemically modified by attaching on organic molecule.

  2. When modified quantum dots bound to a bio-molecule are irradiated with UV light they emit light of a particular wavelength dependent on size of quantum dots.

  3. The modified quantum dots are thousand times smaller than the human cells.

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

All of the given statements are true.
The surface of a quantum dot can be chemically modified by attaching an organic molecule. A modified quantum dot targets and forms a chemical bond with a specific biomolecule such as DNA or protein.
The modified quantum dots are thousand times smaller than the human cells. They can easily penetrate cell membranes.
When modified quantum dots bound to a bio-molecule are irradiated with UV light they emit light of a particular wavelength dependent on size of quantum dots. 
If a mixture of quantum dots of different size and different surface modifications are irradiated with a single light source, the detection tracking and having coloured images of a number of different biomolecules within a cell is possible.

Multiple choice nanochemistry nanotechnology applied chemistry materials chemistry

In future nanomaterials can be used to detect human cancer at its __________.

  1. earliest and most curable stages

  2. last stage

  3. intermediate stages

  4. all stages
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In future nanomaterials can be used to detect human cancer at its earliest and most curable stages. Currently, the application of various nanoparticles (including quantum dots) for cancer detection and treatment is under study.

Multiple choice nanochemistry nanotechnology applied chemistry materials chemistry

Which of the following are applications of carbon nano tubes?

  1. Catalysis

  2. Biosensor

  3. Drug carriers

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

As a result of their good physical and chemical properties such as the strongest and stiffest materials yet discovered in terms of tensile strength and elastic modulus respectively and good electrical and thermal conductor, carbon nano tubes have potential use in a variety of industrial and biomedical applications including: Catalysis, Biosensor, Drug carriers composite materials with improved mechanical and electrical properties. Hence option D is correct

Multiple choice zoology immune system active and passive immunity immunity related disorders and problems diseases and immunity

Which kind of graft is mostly preferred for burn patients?

  1. Isograft

  2. Autograft

  3. Allograft

  4. Xenograft
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Autograft is a surgical transplantation of any tissue from one part of the body to another in the same individual. It is used in several kinds of plastic surgery, most commonly to replace skin lost in severe burns in which the open wound is usually covered with autograft.

So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology immune system active and passive immunity immunity related disorders and problems diseases and immunity

Graft from foetal tissue is being used to cure

  1. Schizophrenia

  2. Leprosy

  3. Parkinson's disease

  4. Asthma
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Fetal tissue grafts have been researched for treating neurodegenerative conditions like Parkinson's disease, where the goal is to replace lost dopamine-producing neurons. The other listed conditions are not typically treated with fetal tissue grafts.

Multiple choice zoology biotechnology and its applications transgenic animals transgenic organisms applications of biotechnology

A human protein which is obtained from transgenic animals and is used to treat emphysema is 

  1. Alpha-lactalbumin

  2. Thyroxine
  3. $\alpha-1$-antitrypsin

  4. Insulin.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A human protein which is obtained from transgenic animals and is used to treat emphysema is α−1-antitrypsin. Transgenic animals that produce useful biological products can be created by the introduction of the portion of DNA which codes for particular product such as human proteins. 

So, the correct option is 'Option C' .

Multiple choice chemistry man made materials environmental impact: plastics plastic plastic plastic waste garbage in, garbage out

Which of the following are uses of plastics in health care industry?

  1. Packaging of tablets

  2. Stitching wounds

  3. Syringes

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Plastics in health care industry are used in packaging of medicines;plastic threads are used for stitching wounds. Also syringes, gloves and many kind of medical instruments are made up of plastic.

Multiple choice biology option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure

A set of genes of cDNA is immobilized on a glass slide and used in transcriptome studies is called 

  1. Proteome

  2. Microarray

  3. DNA chip

  4. Genome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The transcriptome is the sum of all of its RNA transcripts. The information content of an organism is recorded in the DNA of its genome and expressed through transcription. A microarray is a laboratory tool used to detect the expression of thousands of genes at the same time. DNA microarray is microscopic glass slides that are printed with thousands of tiny spots in defined positions with each spot containing a known cDNA. The cDNA is made immobilized on a glass slide.

So, the correct answer is 'Microarray'.

Multiple choice evs eat when you need food poisoning and food preservation methods food spoilage, adulteration and preservation food spoilage and adulteration

Sterilization by autoclaving is carried out to

  1. Kill bacteria and other pathogens

  2. Kill viruses

  3. Kill bacteria and enzymes

  4. Inactive enzymes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Sterilization by autoclaving is carried out to kill bacteria and other pathogens present in the food, equipment, and materials. In this, a pressurized steam is applied with the heat of 121$^0$C for around 15–20 minutes to kill bacteria, spores, and other pathogens.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Kill bacteria and other pathogens.'