Biology

Antibiotics and Immunity

859 Questions

Prepare for your science sections with these questions on antibiotics and immunity. The hub covers various classes of antibiotics, their sources, and mechanisms of microbial resistance. It also addresses the human antiviral response.

Antibiotic classes and sourcesMicrobial resistance mechanismsAntiviral proteinsDisease treatments

Antibiotics and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice chemistry surface chemistry enzyme catalysis catalysis proteins and enzymes

Bacterial infection on eye surface is protected by the enzyme :

  1. urease

  2. carbonic anhydrase

  3. lysozyme

  4. xymase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Enzyme Catalysis - These are catalysts in the living system. Enzymes are substances which by their their presence, alter the rate of anybiological event. These are mainly proteins, and enzyme action is structure specific.
Enzyme catalysis is the increase in the rate of a chemical reaction by the active site of a protein. The protein catalyst (enzyme) may be part of a multi-subunit complex, and/or may transiently or permanently associate with a Cofactor (e.g. adenosine triphosphate). 
Catalysis of biochemical reactions in the cell is vital due to the very low reaction rates of the uncatalysed reactions. A key driver of protein evolution is the optimization of such catalytic activities via protein dynamics.
They decrease activation energy by providing alternate pathway (enzyme reacts with the substrate to form an intermediate ES complex, which would be impossible in the absence of the enzyme) for the process.

Urease is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea forming ammonia and carbon dioxide.
Conjunctiva (membrane covering the eye) is protected by lysozyme and defensin enzymes. However, when these protective barriers fall, conjunctivitis results.

Multiple choice evs - i infectious diseases and how to prevent them vaccine and immunization infectious diseases - transmission and prevention medicinal use of microorganism

Suspensions of killed or weakened microbes or derivatives of microorganisms are called ________

  1. Drugs

  2. Probiotics

  3. Vaccines

  4. Antibiotics
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Vaccines are suspensions of killed or weakened microbes or products or derivatives of micro organisms. A vaccine produces immunity to a disease by stimulating the production of antibodies.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a common way to treat a microbial infection:

  1. taking antibiotics

  2. taking antiviral drugs

  3. taking antifungal drugs

  4. taking antiprotozoal drugs

  5. taking prion drugs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

There are no effective prion drugs available.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a common way to use microbes:

  1. producing antibiotics

  2. producing vaccines

  3. producing food

  4. producing biofuels

  5. producing plastics
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Microbes are not commonly used to produce plastics.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a common way to control the growth of microbes:

  1. using disinfectants

  2. using sanitizers

  3. using antibiotics

  4. using antifungal drugs

  5. using antiprotozoal drugs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Antiprotozoal drugs are not commonly used to control the growth of microbes, but rather to treat protozoan infections.

Multiple choice

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is commonly associated with penicillin allergy?

  1. Type I

  2. Type II

  3. Type III

  4. Type IV
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Type I hypersensitivity reactions, specifically IgE-mediated reactions, are commonly associated with penicillin allergy. Upon exposure to penicillin, IgE antibodies bind to mast cells, leading to degranulation and release of inflammatory mediators, causing symptoms such as hives, swelling, and difficulty breathing.

Multiple choice

What is the treatment for an abscess?

  1. Antibiotics

  2. Drainage

  3. Root canal

  4. Extraction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
Correct answer
Explanation

The treatment for an abscess depends on the severity of the infection. Antibiotics are used to kill the bacteria that cause the infection. Drainage is used to remove the pus from the abscess. A root canal may be necessary to treat an infection in the pulp of the tooth. Extraction may be necessary if the tooth is too badly damaged to be saved.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of antimicrobial resistance?

  1. Antibiotic resistance

  2. Antiviral resistance

  3. Antifungal resistance

  4. Antiparasitic resistance
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Antiparasitic resistance is not a type of antimicrobial resistance. Antibiotic resistance, antiviral resistance, and antifungal resistance are all types of antimicrobial resistance.

Multiple choice

How is an abscess treated?

  1. Antibiotics

  2. Surgery

  3. Pain relievers

  4. Rest
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

An abscess is treated with surgery to drain the pus. Antibiotics may also be prescribed.

Multiple choice

What is the prognosis for skin and soft tissue infections?

  1. Most infections are curable with antibiotics

  2. Some infections may require surgery

  3. Complications can be serious or even life-threatening

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Most skin and soft tissue infections are curable with antibiotics. Some infections may require surgery. Complications can be serious or even life-threatening.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of antimicrobial agent?

  1. Antibiotics

  2. Antivirals

  3. Antifungals

  4. Antiprotozoals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Antiprotozoals are used to treat infections caused by protozoa, not bacteria or viruses.

Multiple choice

What is the mechanism of action of antibiotics?

  1. Inhibiting cell wall synthesis

  2. Inhibiting protein synthesis

  3. Inhibiting DNA replication

  4. Inhibiting RNA synthesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Many antibiotics work by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria.

Multiple choice

Which microorganism is used in the production of antibiotics?

  1. Bacteria

  2. Viruses

  3. Fungi

  4. Protists
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Antibiotics are produced by certain bacteria, such as penicillin-producing Penicillium fungi.

Multiple choice

Which type of microorganism is responsible for the production of antibiotics that are used to treat bacterial infections?

  1. Bacteria

  2. Viruses

  3. Fungi

  4. Protists
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Certain bacteria, such as Streptomyces, are known for producing antibiotics that are used to treat bacterial infections.