Biology

Antibiotics and Immunity

859 Questions

Prepare for your science sections with these questions on antibiotics and immunity. The hub covers various classes of antibiotics, their sources, and mechanisms of microbial resistance. It also addresses the human antiviral response.

Antibiotic classes and sourcesMicrobial resistance mechanismsAntiviral proteinsDisease treatments

Antibiotics and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

Which of the following is an antiseptic?

  1. Penicillin

  2. Aminoglycosides

  3. Ofloxacin

  4. Soframicin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Anti-microbials are classified as:
1. Anti-biotics
2. Antiseptics
3. Disinfectants
Antiseptics are anti-microbials which are applied to the living tissues such as wounds, cuts, ulcers and diseased skin surfaces.
Soframicin is an antiseptic.
All the other compounds given are antibiotics.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

What was the idea of Paul Ehrlich?

  1. Chemicals which would adversely affect the invading bacteria but not the host, can be used for the treatment of diseases caused by the bacteria.

  2. Chemicals which would adversely affect the invading bacteria but not the host, cannot be used for the treatment of diseases caused by the bacteria.

  3. Chemicals which would adversely affect the invading bacteria but not the guest, can be used for the treatment of diseases caused by the bacteria.

  4. Chemicals which would adversely affect the invading bacteria also the guest, can be used for the treatment of diseases caused by the bacteria.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Following was the idea of Paul Ehrlich.
Chemicals which would adversely affect the invading bacteria but not the host, can be used for the treatment of diseases caused by the bacteria.
Paul Ehrlich was a German Bacteriologist. He prepared compounds containing arsenic for treating syphilis. In 1908, he got the Nobel Prize for discovering arsphenamine (salvarsan) to kill syphilis bacteria.
He also worked on azo dyes containing $-N=N-$ linkage similar to $-As=As-$ linkage in salvarsan, and prepared antibiotic protonsil.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

The drug which is used to cure diseases caused by microbes or microorganisms is called as an:

  1. antibiotic

  2. antimicrobial

  3. antifungal

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The drug which is used to cure diseases caused by microbes or microorganisms is called as an antimicrobial. Microorganisms like fungi, bacteria and virus cause variety of diseases in human beings. Antimicrobials kill or stop the growth of these microorganisms.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

Antimicrobials are effective on which kind of organisms?

  1. Bacteria

  2. Viruses

  3. Fungi

  4. all of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Antimicrobials are effective on all bacteria, viruses and fungi.
Microorganisms like fungi, bacteria and virus causes variety of diseases in human beings. Antimicrobials kill or stop the growth of these microorganisms.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

Which was the first antibacterial discovered by Paul Ehrlich?

  1. Salvarsan

  2. Syphilis

  3. Codeine

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The first antibacterial discovered by Paul Ehrlich (a german bacteriologist) was Salvarsan (also called arsphenamine).
In 1908, he got Nobel prize for discovering arsphenamine (salvarsan) to kill syphilis bacteria.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

Antimicrobial drugs that are derived from the natural processes of some microorganisms and that can inhibit or destroy other microorganisms, are specifically known as:

  1. synthetic drugs

  2. chemotherapeutic drugs

  3. antibiotics

  4. prophylactic drugs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Antimicrobial drugs are derived from the natural process of some micro organism that can inhibit or destroy other micro organism are known as antibiotics.

Example of antibiotics are Paracetamol.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

Chloramines$-T$ is a:

  1. Disinfectant

  2. Antiseptic

  3. Analgesic

  4. Antipyretic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chloramines-T is a N-chlorinated and N-deprotonated sulfonamide used as a biocide and a mild disinfectant. It is a white powder that gives unstable solutions with water.

Hence, answer is option A.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

What are used to kill or prevent the growth of bacteria?

  1. Antiseptics

  2. Antipyretic

  3. Antidiuretic

  4. Antibiotic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,D Correct answer
Explanation
Antiseptics and antibiotics are the chemical substances which will prevent the growth of bacteria. Antipyretics are the chemical substances which reduce the body temperature. Antidiuretic is an agent that reduces the output of urine.
Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

These antiseptics can also be used as disinfectants, which depends on the concentration of the compound.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Disinfectants are antimicrobial agents that are applied to the surface of non-living objects.

Antiseptic can also be used as disinfectants which depends on the concentration of the compound. So, the statement is true.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

Which of the following are natural antimicrobial chemicals secreted by the body?

  1. Lactic acid

  2. Urea

  3. Hydrochloric acid

  4. Lysozyme
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,C,D Correct answer
Explanation

An antimicrobial is an agent that kills micro-organisms or inhibits their growth.

HCl is secreted by the stomach. 
Lactic acid is naturally present in humans, as well as in animals. It is well known that it is formed from glycogen by muscle cells when the oxygen supply is inadequate to support energy production.
Lysozyme is present in the body, abundant in tears, saliva, mucus and milk.
Urea is a waste from the human body, not an antimicrobial.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

_________ tends to destroy/prevent development or inhibit the pathogenic action of microbes such as bacteria ,fungi, virus, or other parasites selectively.

  1. Histamine

  2. Antibiotic

  3. Antiseptic

  4. Disinfectant
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B,C,D Correct answer
Explanation

An antimicrobial tends to destroy/prevent development or inhibit the pathogenic action of microbes such as bacteria (antibacterial drugs), fungi (antifungal agents), virus (antiviral agents), or other parasites (antiparasitic drugs) selectively. Antibiotics, antiseptics and disinfectants are antimicrobial drugs.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

_______ are applied to inanimate objects such as floors, drainage system, instruments, etc.

  1. Disinfectants

  2. Antiseptics

  3. Antacids

  4. Antibiotics
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Antiseptics and disinfectants are the chemicals which either kill or prevent the growth of microorganisms. Disinfectants are for non-living things while antiseptics are for living tissues.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

The greatest number of antimicrobic allergies is reported for which drug?

  1. Sulfonamides

  2. Quinolones

  3. Tetracycline

  4. Penicillin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Penicillin, one of the first and still one of the most widely used antibiotic agents, derived from the Penicillium mold.In 1928 Scottish bacteriologist Alexander Fleming first observed that colonies of the bacterium staphylococcus aureus failed to grow in those area of a culture that had been accidentally contaminated by the green mold Penicillium notatum.The greatest number of antimicrobic allergies is also reported for Penicillins