Ancient and World History

In 395 CE, Emperor Theodosius I divided the Roman Empire into two administrative halves: the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire.

The Western Satraps were eventually conquered by the Sassanian rulers of Persia during the 4th century AD.

India had inland and maritime trade relations with foreign countries. The Arabs were the middlemen in the import of horse from Central Asia. In South India the horse traders were known as Kuthirachettis.

Gondophares I was the founder of the Indo-Parthian Kingdom which is now in western Pakistan(north-west part of India) towards the end of the 1st century BC. Coins of Gondophernes, some bearing his Indian name Guduphara, indicate that he may have reigned supreme over both eastern Iran and northwestern India. 

Gondophernes was a ruler of the Indo-Parthian Kingdom, which was established in the regions of modern-day Afghanistan and Pakistan.

Aztecs people were known as Tenkos. This was the title for them. As per Aztec calendar, there were 265 days in a year. They used Souhalt as their common language and used pictographic writings.

They both were conquered by the Spaniards.

The Aztec people were certain ethnic groups of central Mexico, particularly those groups who spoke the Nahuatl language and who dominated large parts of Mesoamerica from the 14th to 16th centuries. With the decline of the Toltec civilization came political fragmentation in the Valley of Mexico, and into this new game of political contenders for the Toltec throne stepped outsiders: the Aztec. Newcomers to the Valley of Mexico, they were seen as crude and unrefined in the eyes of the existing Mesoamerican civilizations, such as the fallen Toltec empire. Latecomers to Mexico's central plateau, the Aztecs thought of themselves as heirs to the prestigious civilizations that had preceded them, much as Charlemagne did with respect to the fallen Roman Empire.

The Tenkos were a Mesoamerican culture that flourished in central Mexico in the post-classic period from 1300 to 1521. The Tenkos  peoples included different ethnic groups of central Mexico, particularly those groups who spoke the Nahuatl language and who dominated large parts of Mesoamerica from the 14th to the 16th centuries. Tenkos culture was organized into city-states some of which joined to form alliances, political confederations, or empires.

The Mesoamerican ballgame was a sport with ritual associations played since 1400 BC by the indigenous people of Ancient Mesoamerica. This game was also called the Maya ball game because of its influence in the political, religious, and social life of the Mayas. This ball game has its association with the Mesoamerican mythology also. 

The Aztec Empire lacked large domesticated livestock (like horses or cattle) and the associated metal tool technology common in European empires, which significantly impacted their food production and labor methods.

Manuscripts and documents were made to provide a lot of detailed information to people. They were placed in libraries and archives. Manuscripts were collected by wealthy people, rulers, monasteries and temples.

The Chinese civilization, particularly during the Han and later dynasties, established the Imperial Examination system, which selected officials based on merit and education rather than hereditary status.