Ancient and World History

The subject 'pharaohs' is plural. Therefore, the pronoun referring back to them must be the plural 'them'.

The Battle of the Hydaspes was fought between Alexander the Great and King Porus in 326 BCE on the banks of the Jhelum River.

The Chinese imperial examination system, based on Confucian classics, was the first to formalize the selection of officials through competitive testing.

The construction of the Great Wall of China began under the Qin (Chin) Dynasty, specifically under Qin Shi Huang, to unify existing fortifications.

While the origin of the Indus Valley Civilization is a subject of ongoing research, the Dravidian theory suggests that the inhabitants were the ancestors of modern Dravidian speakers.

Seleucus I Nicator was a prominent general of Alexander the Great and later founded the Seleucid Empire.

The concept of zero as a placeholder and a number was developed by ancient Indian mathematicians.

The Jewish people originated from the ancient kingdoms of Israel and Judah in the Levant region. This is their historical homeland and geographical origin.

Porus was defeated by Alexander at the Battle of Hydaspes.

The Harappans had trade links with Mesopotamia. There was an extensive maritime trade network operating between the Harappan and Mesopotamian civilizations in the middle Harappan Phase, with commerce being handled by middlemen merchants from Dilmun. 

Mesopotamia, often called the cradle of civilization, was located in the region that is now primarily modern-day Iraq.

The historical region of Mesopotamia is geographically situated in modern-day Iraq.