Environmental Studies

Air Pollution

2,340 Questions

Air pollution questions address the sources of emissions, indoor air quality, and the formation of photochemical smog. You will explore the impact of particulate matter, acid rain, and urban pollutants. This is a highly relevant subject for environmental studies and general awareness tests.

Photochemical smogParticulate matter emissionsAcid rain causesIndoor air pollutionAmmonia emissions

Air Pollution Questions

Multiple choice economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

Study the following statements regarding acid rain and select the incorrect ones.


(i) Acid rain refers to the rainfall and other forms of precipitation with a pH of less than 5.
(ii) Oxides of sulphur and nitrogen are released from automobile exhausts, industries, power plants, etc.
(iii) These oxides of sulphur and nitrogen, may react with water in the air and form sulphuric acid $ \left( { H } _{ 2 }{ SO } _{ 4 } \right)  $ and nitric acid $ \left( { HNO } _{ 3 } \right)  $
(iv) Acid rain has harmful effects on animals and human beings but no characteristic impact on plants.

  1. (i) and (iii)

  2. (iii) and (iv)

  3. (iv) only

  4. (ii) only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Acid rain damages plants by direct effect on foliage and growing point-chlorosis, necrosis, defoliation, dieback. It causes leaching of essential minerals of soil.

Multiple choice economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

Acid rain is caused by or recent reports of acid rain in some industrial cities are due to the effect of atmospheric pollution by

  1. Excessive release of $CO _2$ by burning of fuels like wood and charcoal, cutting of forests and increased animal population
  2. Excessive release of $NO _2$ and $SO _2$ in the atmosphere by burning of fossil fuel
  3. Excessive release of $NH _3$ by industrial plants and coal gas

  4. Excessive release of CO in the atmosphere by incomplete combustion of coke, charcoal and other carbonaceous fuel in the of oxygen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

When $SO _2$ pollution in the air is much higher. Sometimes, $SO _2$ mixes in the air with small particles of metals near the factories and gets oxidised into sulphur trioxide $SO _3$. These gases are harmful and they react with water to form sulphuric acid ($H _2$$SO _4$) or sulphurous acid ($H _2$$SO _3$) and come down to earth with rainwater; it is called acid rain or acid precipitation.

Multiple choice economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

Damage of Taj Mahal is being caused by

  1. Acid rain

  2. Dust

  3. Global warming

  4. Smoke
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Taj Mahal is situated in Agra which has a number of industries. The pollutants from industries are released in the air which include oxides of sulphur and nitrogen. The oxides of sulphur and nitrogen react with water vapours in the atmosphere and form sulphuric acid and nitric acid which come down on earth in the form of rain and this is known as acid rain. 
The acid rain reacts with the marble of Taj Mahal which is made up of calcium carbonate and this has resulted in the change of colour of marble of Taj Mahal from white to pale yellow. Thus acid rain due to industrialization in Agra is damaging the Taj Mahal.
So, the correct answer is 'Acid rain'.
Multiple choice economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

Acid rain is caused by.

  1. Excess production of coal gas
  2. Excess release of $CO _2$ due to increasing combustion and respiration
  3. Excess release of $SO _2$ and $NO _2$ from burning fossil fuels

  4. Excess production of gaseous hydrocarbons
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Oxides of Sulphur and Nitrogen produced by the burning of fossil fuels react with water molecules in the atmosphere forming Sulphur based and Nitrogen based acids.

They precipitate and cause corrosion of buildings and plants.
So, the correct option is 'Excess release of  SO$ _2$ and NO$ _2$ from burning fossil fuels .'

Multiple choice economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

Acid rain is due to.

  1. Water pollution

  2. Air pollution

  3. Automobile pollution

  4. Pesticide pollution
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Air pollution resulting in high concentrations of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide leads to the production of acid by reaction with water vapour.

The formed acids of sulphur and nitrogen precipitate with rain forming acid rain.
So, the correct option is 'Acid Rain'.

Multiple choice economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

The oxides of nitrogen and sulfur, when mixed with water in the air, are the chief components of acid rain.

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Either

  4. Neither
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
When the pH of rain is below 5.2, it is called acid rain. It occurs when oxides of nitrogen and sulfur react with water in the atmosphere and form nitric acid and sulfuric acid respectively. These acids then come down along with rain and make it acidic. The reactions of formation of nitric acid and sulfuric acid in the atmosphere are as follows:
SO2 + O2 ---> SO3
SO3 + H2O ---> H2SO4
NO + [O] ---> N2O5
N2O5 + H20 ---> HNO3
Hence, the statement given in the question is correct.
So, the correct answer is 'True'.
Multiple choice concept of social responsibility organization of commerce and management industrial pollution and degradation of environment environmental values and ethics industrial pollution accelerated with the start of industrial revolution social responsibility towards the environment

Carbon monoxide emitted by automobiles directly contributes to ____________.

  1. Water pollution

  2. Noise pollution

  3. Land pollution

  4. Air pollution
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Carbon monoxide is the colorless, odorless and tasteless gas that is slightly less dense than air. It is emitted by vehicles. It mixes with the air and causes air pollution on a large scale. Carbon monoxide is released through emissions through automobiles, thermal power plants,etc. 

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence issues of the environment international efforts for conserving biodiversity effects of pollution on environment government efforts in pollution control

Which of the following is/are methods used in the factories for abatement of pollution ?

  1. Installation of tall chimneys

  2. Electrostatic precipitates

  3. Scrubbers

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Installation of tall chimneys in factories and fitting them with fitters and electrostatic precipitators.

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence issues of the environment international efforts for conserving biodiversity effects of pollution on environment government efforts in pollution control

Which of the following is decreased to reduce the air pollution by automobiles.

  1. Potassium

  2. Sulphides

  3. Maganese

  4. Carbonates
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Government of India has adopted auto fuel policy to effectively cut down sulphur and nitrogen oxides in the automobiles exhausts.

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence issues of the environment international efforts for conserving biodiversity effects of pollution on environment government efforts in pollution control

Identify the abatement of pollution.

  1. Use of CNG in automobile

  2. Green mufflers

  3. Sewage treatment plant

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Pollution abatement includes various strategies such as using cleaner fuels (CNG), creating green buffers (mufflers), and treating waste (sewage treatment plants).

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence issues of the environment international efforts for conserving biodiversity effects of pollution on environment government efforts in pollution control

Which one of the following is a most efficient device to eliminate particulate matters from the industrial emissions?

  1. Cyclonic separators

  2. Trajectory separators

  3. Pyrolysis

  4. Incineration

  5. Electrostatic precipitator
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Electrostatic precipitator os the most effective device used to remove particulate matter from the industrial emission. it removes the impurities (dust, fibres) by applying a high voltage electrostatic charge which precipitates the impurities on the charged plates.

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence issues of the environment international efforts for conserving biodiversity effects of pollution on environment government efforts in pollution control

According to Central Pollution Control Board, air pollutants responsible for great harm have a size(in $\mu$m) of

  1. $1.0$ or less
  2. $1.5$ or less
  3. $2.5$ or less
  4. $5.2-2.5$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Particulate air pollutants are tiny particles or materials suspended in the atmosphere. These can be solids or liquid droplets.
According to Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Particulate matter having size 2.5 μm or less in diameter, are responsible for causing serious health hazards such as respiratory symptoms, irritations, damage to lungs, inflammations and even premature death.
So, the correct answer is '2.5 or less'.
Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence issues of the environment international efforts for conserving biodiversity effects of pollution on environment government efforts in pollution control

According to Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) which particulate size in diameter (in micrometres) of the air pollutants is responsible for greatest harm to human health?

  1. 10 or less

  2. 2.5

  3. 25 or less

  4. 15 or less
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

According to Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), particulate size 2.5 micrometers or less in diameter (PM 2.5) are responsible for causing the greatest harm to human health. These fine particulates can be inhaled deep into the lungs and can cause breathing and respiratory symptoms, irritation, inflammations and damage to the lungs and premature deaths.

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice geography hydrologic cycle the atmosphere elements of weather and climate :humidity hydrologic cycle and its components elements of weather and climate : temperature

Acid precipitation is now regarded as a serious problem in some European and Asian countries. Its major cause or source is __________________.

  1. discharge of effluents into neutral or slightly alkaline land where the acidic components precipitate

  2. emissions of sulphur oxides and nitrogen oxides from thermal power plants and burning the fossil fuels; these oxides dissolve in atmospheric water vapour and fall back on earth as acid rain

  3. natural carbondioxide released during respiraion of living organisms dissolves in water, forming carbonic acid which is chief contributor to acidity in rain water

  4. chloroflurocarbons readily react with various chemicals near the earth's surface, producing acidic intermediates which cause acid precipitation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Acid rain is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when compounds like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air. These substances can rise very high into the atmosphere, where they mix and react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form more acidic pollutants, known as acid rain.

Multiple choice physics pressure in fluids and atmospheric pressure common consequences of the atmospheric pressure atmospheric pressure and its consequences important points about atmospheric pressure

Which of the following pollutants does not affect lung function in normal adults but causes bronchoconstriction in asthmatics?

  1. ozone

  2. sulfur dioxide

  3. carbon monoxide

  4. None
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Sulfur dioxide does not affect lung function in normal adults but causes bronchoconstriction in asthmatics.