Environmental Studies

Air Pollution

2,298 Questions

Air pollution questions address the sources of emissions, indoor air quality, and the formation of photochemical smog. You will explore the impact of particulate matter, acid rain, and urban pollutants. This is a highly relevant subject for environmental studies and general awareness tests.

Photochemical smogParticulate matter emissionsAcid rain causesIndoor air pollutionAmmonia emissions

Air Pollution Questions

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence environmental pollution and industries air pollution and its effects the environment and us environment and conservation

Which of the major sources of air pollution contributes pollutants like chlorofluorohydrocarbons?

  1. Industrial effluents

  2. Aerosols

  3. Sewage pollutants

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The presence of CFCs in the atmosphere results in the depletion of the ozone layer. They are used as coolants in refrigerators, aerosol sprays, coolers, etc. The increase in the concentration of the chloro- fluoro-hydrocarbon molecules in the atmosphere results in air pollution. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence environmental pollution and industries air pollution and its effects the environment and us environment and conservation

Classical smog is

  1. Dark brown smog

  2. Yellow brown smog

  3. Los Angeles smog

  4. Smog with secondary pollutants
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Smog is the fog containing smoke. Smog is of two types depending upon the type of pollutants; classical smog and photochemical smog.
  • Classical smog is formed when there is high concentration of sulphur dioxide and particulate matter produced due to combustion of fuels. It occurs in cold and humid climate. It is also known as London smog or Sulphurous smog and causes dark brownish colour of atmosphere.
  • Photochemical smog is formed when sunlight acts on the oxides of nitrogen and hydrocarbons produced from factories or by automobiles. It occurs in warm and dry climate. It is also known as Los Angeles smog and causes light brownish colouration of atmosphere.
So, the correct answer is 'Dark brown smog'.
Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence environmental pollution and industries air pollution and its effects the environment and us environment and conservation

Which of the following is NOT caused by Hydrogen sulfide pollution in the air?

  1. Mottled chlorosis

  2. Defoliation in plants

  3. Decolouration of paints

  4. Cardiovascular malfunction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In human, effect of Hydrogen sulfide due to air pollution is not seen but in plant it greatly effect like chlorosis ( yellowish color of plant leaves). Falling of leaves is also a major problem (defoliation). Hydrogen sulfide also damage building, bridge paints (discoloration).

So correct option is 'cardiovascular malfunction'.

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence environmental pollution and industries air pollution and its effects the environment and us environment and conservation

Air pollution is likely to be most severe

  1. in the interior of continents

  2. near the center of an anticyclone

  3. in the summer

  4. when the atmosphere is turbulent
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Anticyclones are high-pressure systems characterized by sinking air and stable atmospheric conditions. This stability traps pollutants near the ground, leading to severe air pollution.

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence environmental pollution and industries air pollution and its effects the environment and us environment and conservation

Which of the following pollutants is not present in the vehicular exhaust emissions?

  1. Lead

  2. Ammonia

  3. Carbon monoxide

  4. Partculate matter
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Vehicular emissions are contributing to air quality problems, smog etc. emissions of many air pollutants have shown variety of negative effect on public health. Emission of principle pollutants like hydrocarbon, CO. $NO _x$, $SO _x$, particulate matter and volatile organic compounds are affecting natural environment and contributing to asthma, bronchitis and various diseases etc. Ammonia is not present in vehicular exhaust emissions.
So, the correct answer is 'Ammonia'.
Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence environmental pollution and industries air pollution and its effects the environment and us environment and conservation

Which particle ranges from 1 to 1000 um in diameter?

  1. Smoke

  2. Dust

  3. Fumes

  4. Spray
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Dust particles are solid particles suspended in the air, typically ranging from 1 to 1000 micrometers in diameter, generated by mechanical processes like grinding or crushing.

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence environmental pollution and industries air pollution and its effects the environment and us environment and conservation

Air pollution effects are usually found on

  1. Leaves

  2. Flowers

  3. Stems

  4. Roots
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Leaves are directly exposed to air pollutants and effects of air pollution are first seen on leaves. Deposition of particulate matter hampers gaseous exchange and deposition of soot interfere with the capture of sunlight. Sulphur dioxide causes the destruction of chlorophyll and necrosis. Nitrogen oxides cause defoliation, necrosis, dieback and death of plants. Other than this, acid rain damages plant by a direct effect on foliage and growing points by chlorosis, necrosis, defoliation and dieback.

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence environmental pollution and industries air pollution and its effects the environment and us environment and conservation

Sulphurous smog is

  1. Photochemical smog

  2. Oxidising smog

  3. Classical smog

  4. Los Angeles smog
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Smog is the fog containing smoke. Smog is of two types depending upon the type of pollutants; classical smog and photochemical smog.
  • Classical smog, also known as London smog or Sulphurous smog, is formed when there is high concentration of sulphur dioxide and particulate matter produced due to combustion of fuels. It occurs in cold and humid climate and has reducing nature.
  • Photochemical smog, also known as Los Angeles smog, is formed when sunlight acts on the oxides of nitrogen and hydrocarbons produced from factories or by automobiles. It occurs in warm and dry climate and has oxidising nature.
So, the correct answer is 'Classical smog'.
Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence environmental pollution and industries air pollution and its effects the environment and us environment and conservation

Smog that occurs due to low temperature and has reducing environment is

  1. Photochemical smog

  2. Los Angeles smog

  3. Nonsulphurous smog

  4. London smog
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Smog is the fog containing smoke. Smog is of two types depending upon the type of pollutants; classical smog and photochemical smog.
  • Classical smog, also known as London smog or Sulphurous smog, is formed when there is high concentration of sulphur dioxide and particulate matter produced due to combustion of fuels. It occurs in cold and humid climate and has reducing nature.
  • Photochemical smog, also known as Los Angeles smog, is formed when sunlight acts on the oxides of nitrogen and hydrocarbons produced from factories or by automobiles. It occurs in warm and dry climate and has oxidising nature.
Hence, the smog that occurs due to low temperature i.e. in cold climate, and has reducing environment is classical smog or London smog.
So, the correct answer is 'London smog'.
Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence environmental pollution and industries air pollution and its effects the environment and us environment and conservation

Nitrogen oxides produced from the emission of automobiles and power plants, are the source of fine particles, which lead to

  1. Phochemical smog

  2. Dry acid deposition

  3. Industrial smog

  4. Wet acid deposition

  5. Both B and D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Acid rain is a mixture of wet and dry deposition (deposited material) from the atmosphere containing higher than normal amounts of nitric and sulfuric acids. Sulfur dioxide ($SO _2$) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are the principal pollutants, that cause acid precipitation. $SO _2$ and NOx emissions released to the air react with water vapor and other chemicals to form acids that fall back to earth. The majority of NOx comes from cars, buses, trucks, and other forms of transportation and from power plants. Therefore, the correct answer is option E.

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence environmental pollution and industries air pollution and its effects the environment and us environment and conservation

Waldsterben is an effect of

  1. Ozone

  2. Nitrogen oxide and sulphur oxide

  3. Acid rain

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Waldsterben refers to the mass death of the trees wherein, the peripheral parts of the plants are killed and slowly the entire forest population dwindles. It was first reported in Germany in the early 1980s. The atmospheric pollution was the main cause of such deaths of trees. Tropospheric ozone is the secondary pollutant. Nitrogen oxides and sulphur oxides are released by the industrial emissions and vehicular exhausts. Acid rain is the chemical reaction between these oxides and water to form their respective acids that precipitate with the rains. The pollutants have severe effects on the trees.

Hence, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence environmental pollution and industries air pollution and its effects the environment and us environment and conservation

Aerosol decrease primary productivity by

  1. Decreasing $O _2$ concentration
  2. Competing with $CO _2$
  3. Preventing $N _2$ fixation

  4. Reducing photosynthesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Atmospheric aerosol particles can be defined as any solid or liquid droplets suspended in the atmosphere. Fog, Dust, smoke are examples of aerosol. Aerosols increase atmospheric albedo due to which the rate of photosynthesis by plants on earth is decreased. Albedo is the part of the energy from the sunlight reflected back into the atmosphere. 

Hence, the correct answer is 'Reducing photosynthesis'.

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence environmental pollution and industries air pollution and its effects the environment and us environment and conservation

"Grey Air" refers to

  1. Incomplete smog formation
  2. $N _2O$

  3. CO
  4. $SO _2$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Photochemical smog is composed mainly of ozone (O$ _3$), Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and NOx. It is often called brown air where solar radiation is intense. In areas or seasons of lesser solar radiation smog formation is incomplete and the air is referred to as grey air.

So the correct answer is 'Incomplete smog formation'.

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence environmental pollution and industries air pollution and its effects the environment and us environment and conservation

Aerosols, decrease primary productivity by.

  1. Decreasing $O _2$ concentration
  2. Preventing $N _2$ fixation

  3. Reducing photosynthesis

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Aerosols are minute particles suspended in the atmosphere and are known to reduce primary productivity on earth. scattering and absorption of sunlight by anthropogenic aerosols reduce photosynthetically active radiation, (PAR) incident upon the Earth’s surface, but increase the fraction of the PAR that is diffuse.

So the correct answer is 'Reducing photosynthesis'.