Environmental Studies

Air Pollution

2,340 Questions

Air pollution questions address the sources of emissions, indoor air quality, and the formation of photochemical smog. You will explore the impact of particulate matter, acid rain, and urban pollutants. This is a highly relevant subject for environmental studies and general awareness tests.

Photochemical smogParticulate matter emissionsAcid rain causesIndoor air pollutionAmmonia emissions

Air Pollution Questions

Multiple choice chemistry air and water pollution control environmental impact: global warming green house effect geobiochemical cycle

Black carbon, a potential global warming gas causes__________.

  1. human morbidity

  2. premature mortality

  3. both a and b

  4. asthma
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Black carbon consists of pure carbon in several linked forms. It is formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, biofuel, and biomass, and is emitted in both anthropogenic and naturally occurring soot. Black carbon causes human morbidity and premature mortality.

Multiple choice chemistry air and water pollution control environmental impact: global warming green house effect geobiochemical cycle

Which of the following is not the source of hydrocarbon as a pollutant?

  1. Man-made sources

  2. Sources of methane

  3. Fly ash

  4. Oxide of sulphur
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Oxides of sulphur do not combine with any other molecule to give hydrocarbon, while manmade sources like industries, vehicles release hydrocarbon into the atmosphere.

Multiple choice chemistry air and water pollution control environmental impact: global warming green house effect geobiochemical cycle

Example of primary pollutant:

  1. $SO _2$
  2. $CO _2$

  3. Hydrocarbon
  4. $CO$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,C,D Correct answer
Explanation

Primary Pollutants are the ones which are injected into the atmosphere directly.  Examples include:

  1. Carbon monoxide (CO)
  2. Oxides of nitrogen ($N{ O } _{ x },NO$ )
  3. Sulfur oxides ($S{ O } _{ x }$)
  4. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
  5. Particulate matter (dust, ash, salt particles)

Multiple choice chemistry air and water pollution control environmental impact: global warming green house effect geobiochemical cycle

Which of the following are the source for hydrocarbons as pollutants?

  1. Anaerobic bacterial decomposition of organic matter

  2. Forest fires and trees

  3. Combustion of Fuels

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The following are the source for hydrocarbons as pollutants:
Anaerobic bacterial decomposition of organic matter, forest fires and trees and combustion of fuels. Solvents in industrial operation.
Hence option D is correct.

Multiple choice geography secondary sector : industry generation of electricity exploration and conservation of minerals irrigation and power

Smoke and fog combine to form ______.

  1. Smog

  2. Fossil

  3. Acid rains

  4. Water pollution
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A yellowish or blackish fog is called smog. Smoke and fog combines to form smog. It is mainly formed by a mixture of pollutants in the atmosphere which consists of fine particles and ground level ozone. Smog occurs mainly because of air pollution. Smog also refers to hazy air that makes breathing difficult.  It causes various respiratory problems as well as irritation in eyes.

Multiple choice evs - i the earth and its living world introduction to the spheres of the earth origin of universe introduction to natural resources

Find out incorrect statement in relation to pollution.

  1. Plastic is non-degradable pollutant.

  2. Water vapours, smoke fumes and dust mixture forms smog.

  3. PAN affects photosynthesis.

  4. Ozone layer forms protective shield to ionosphere.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
The ionosphere is that part of the atmosphere that is ionised by solar radiation. It absorbs the energy from the sun ozone layer is created by incoming solar radiation in the stratosphere. The ionosphere lies in between the region of mesosphere and exosphere. The ozone layer in stratosphere shields the earth from harmful UV radiations. The solar radiations are first ionised with negative free ions before it comes in contact with the ozone layer. 
Hence, the correct answer is 'Ozone layer forms protective shields to ionosphere'.
Multiple choice botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

Some reliable indicators of air pollutants (SO$ _2$ and noxious gases) are

  1. Lichens and mosses

  2. Ferns and Cycas

  3. Neem tree and Eichhornia

  4. Green algae and aquatic liverworts
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Lichens and mosses are used as the indicators of air pollution. These structures grow on damp areas. Air pollutants which are in the gaseous forms get dissolved in the rainwater, especially SO$ _2$ can damage these plants, and check them from growing. In places where these vegetation are not growing, it indicates that the air is heavily polluted with sulphur dioxide and other pollutants. 

Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Multiple choice botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

A particular city's air could be polluted with high concentrations of pollutants such as SO$ _2$. The presence of which organism you will likely look for to predict whether the city's air is polluted or not?

  1. Algae

  2. Bacteria

  3. Lichens

  4. Virus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Lichens are used as the indicators of air pollution. These structures grow on tree bark and rocks. Air pollutants which are in the gaseous forms get dissolved in the rainwater, especially SO$ _2$ (sulphur dioxide) can damage lichens, and check them from growing. In places where lichens do not grow, it indicates that the air is heavily polluted with sulphur dioxide and other pollutants. 

Thus, the correct answer is option C. 

Multiple choice botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

Which of the following serves as indicator of atmospheric pollution? 

  1. Liverworts

  2. Hornworts

  3. Epiphytic lichens

  4. Ferns
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Lichens are the symbiotic association between the fungi and algae. They obtain almost all their nutrients from the atmosphere through uptake over their entire surface and thus called as epiphytic lichens. They have no cuticle, nor means of controlling nutrient uptake, unlike vascular plants, and free exchange of both gasses and solutions occurs across cell surfaces. Lichens are therefore highly susceptible to changes in atmospheric composition and for this reason provide very sensitive indicators of such changes. Lichens are sensitive to sulphur, nitrogen, acidity, halogens (e.g., fluoride), heavy metals and ozone.

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

Which are sensitive to sulphur dioxide pollution?

  1. Algae

  2. Mosses

  3. Lichens

  4. Ferns
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The correct answer is 'lichens'

lichens are the most sensitive indicators of sulphur dioxide pollution as their growth is inhibited due to its presence. Sulphur gets accumulated in them destroying chlorophyll and inhibiting photosynthesis.

Multiple choice botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

Which one of the following is a bio-indicator of air pollution?

  1. Fern

  2. Lichen

  3. Money Plant

  4. Dodder
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Lichens can be used as bioindicators of air pollution. They obtain most of their essential nutrients from the air in the surrounding environment instead of the soil as a result of which they accumulate the pollutants present in the air on the fungal threads. Lichens are most helpful in detecting sulfur dioxide pollution but can also be used in detecting radioactive elements and other toxic compounds.

So, the correct answer is 'lichen'.
Multiple choice commercial applications global environmental change causes of resource depletion causes of greenhouse effect ozone layer depletion

The reduction in the amount of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) released into the air has had the greatest positive effect upon 

  1. Water pollution

  2. Noise pollution

  3. Acid rain

  4. The ozone layer

  5. Endangered species
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The presence of CFCs in the atmosphere results in the depletion of the ozone layer. They are used as coolants in refrigerators, coolers, etc. The CFCs causes the breaking of the ozone molecule which forms the oxygen radical and O$ _2$. The depletion of the ozone layer results in the penetration of the harmful UV radiations from the sun into the Earth's atmosphere. The reduction in the use of the CFC molecules will prevent the ozone thinning and have the positive effect on the ozone layer. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Multiple choice commercial applications global environmental change causes of resource depletion causes of greenhouse effect ozone layer depletion

Ozone depletion is occurring due to 

  1. PCB

  2. CO

  3. PAN

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Ozone is the protective layer present in the stratosphere. The harmful ultraviolet radiation is absorbed by the ozone layer. They are carried high into the stratosphere by wind action. Depletion begins when CFC’s get into the stratosphere. Ultraviolet radiation from the sun breaks up these CFCs. The breaking up action releases chlorine atoms. Chlorine atoms react with ozone, starting a chemical cycle that destroys the good ozone in that area. It is not depleted by PCB, carbon monoxides, and PAN. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.