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Multiple choice zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

ANS affects the

  1. Reflex actions

  2. Sensory organs

  3. Internal organs

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The autonomic nervous system (ANS), also known as the visceral nervous system and involuntary nervous system, is a division of the peripheral nervous system, that influences the function of internal organs. The autonomic nervous system is a control system, that acts largely unconsciously and regulates the heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, pupillary response, urination, and sexual arousal.

Multiple choice zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

If parasympathetic nerve of the rabbit is cut, then heart beat

  1. Remains unaffected

  2. Decreases

  3. Increases

  4. Stops
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

If parasympathetic nerve of the rabbit is cut, the most immediate effect would be an increase in heart rate. Also, the regulation of heart rate, contractile state, and conduction of electrical impulses through the heart would be impaired. The reason for the observed effects is that the vagus nerve carries important information to the heart from a part of the central nervous system called the parasympathetic nervous system. The parasympathetic nervous system is often considered the "rest and digest" system. It decreases heart rate, decreases how strongly the heart contracts with each beat, and decreases the rate at which electrical impulses are conducted through the heart.

Multiple choice zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

Conservation of energy take place by 

  1. Sympathetic autonomic nervous system

  2. Parasympathetic autonomic nervous system

  3. Reflex action

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Parasympathetic autonomic nervous system (PNS) responses are highly specific, as supported by the direct innervation of target organs. The PNS is inhibitory, and promotes energy conservation. The primary defense strategies supported by the PNS involve energy conservation. PNS activation promotes passive coping strategies, such as withdrawal or disengagement, dissociation and the immobility response. Examples of passive coping styles include physical or emotional withdrawal.

Multiple choice zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

Autonomic nervous system controls

  1. Conditioned reflexes

  2. Functioning of spinal cord

  3. Functioning of visceral organs

  4. Reflex actions
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The autonomic nervous system is the part of the nervous system, that supplies the internal organs, like blood vessels, stomach, intestine, liver, kidneys, bladder, genitals, lungs, pupils, heart, and sweat, salivary, and digestive glands. 

This system works automatically (autonomously), without a person's conscious effort. The autonomic nervous system controls blood pressure, heart and breathing rates, body temperature, digestion, metabolism (thus affecting body weight), the balance of water and electrolytes (such as sodium and calcium), the production of body fluids (saliva, sweat, and tears), urination, defecation, sexual response, and other processes.

Multiple choice zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

Given below is a table comparing the effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system for four features. which one feature is correctly matched?


Feature Sympathetic Parasympathetic
1. Salivary gland stimulates   inhibits
2. Pupil of the eye dilates  constricts
3. Heart rate decreases increases
4. Intestinal peristalsis stimulates inhibits

  1. 1

  2. 2

  3. 3

  4. 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Parasympathetic innervation leads to pupillary constriction. A circular muscle called as the sphincter pupillae accomplishes this task. Sympathetic innervation leads to pupillary dilation. Dilation is controlled by the dilator pupillae, a group of muscles in the peripheral 2/3 of the iris.

Multiple choice zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

The inhibitory effect of vagus nerve on the heart is due to the secretion of

  1. Acetylcholine

  2. Norepinephrine

  3. Glycine

  4. Dopamine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Acetylcholine is the main vagal neurotransmitter. The vagus nerve controls the heart rate by electrical impulses to the SA node of the heart in which acetylcholine release slows down the pulse rate and decreases the blood pressure. Thus the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

Given below are comparing the effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system for four features.
Which one feature is correctly described?

  1. Feature- Salivary glands, Sympathetic nervous system- Stimulates secretion, Parasympathetic nervous system- Inhibits secretion

  2. Feature- Pupil of the eye, Sympathetic nervous system- Dilates, Parasympathetic nervous system- Constricts

  3. Feature- Heart rate, Sympathetic nervous system- Decreases, Parasympathetic nervous system- Increases

  4. Feature- Intestinal peristalsis, Sympathetic nervous system- Stimulates, Parasympathetic nervous system- Inhibits
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Sympathetic nervous system inhibits salivary gland secretion, accelerates the heart rate, decreases intestinal peristalsis and dilate the pupil of the eye. Whereas parasympathetic nervous system stimulates salivary gland secretion, slows heart rate, stimulates intestinal peristalsis and constricts pupil of the eye. The sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous system are parts of the autonomic nervous system. These systems work in balance with each other and directly or indirectly affect almost every structure in the body. The sympathetic nervous system has an active "pushing" function, the parasympathetic has mainly a relaxing function.

Multiple choice zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

Constriction of the pupil is function of

  1. Parasympathetic system

  2. Hypothalamus

  3. Thalamus

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Constriction of the pupil is the function of the parasympathetic system. The parasympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system, the other is the sympathetic nervous system. The autonomic nervous system is responsible for regulating the body's unconscious actions. The parasympathetic system is responsible for stimulation of "rest and digest" or "feed and breed" activities that occur when the body is at rest, especially after eating, including sexual arousal, salivation, lacrimation (tears), urination, digestion and defecation. 

Multiple choice zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

Select the wrong paired match from the following.

  1. CNS - Site of information processing and control

  2. PNS - Transmission of impulses to and from the CNS

  3. SNS - Relays impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles

  4. ANS - Transmission of impulses from the CNS to voluntary organs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The central nervous system (CNS) includes brain and spinal cord. It integrates and stores the sensory information from external and internal sense organs and commands different organs to respond accordingly. 

Peripheral nervous system (PNS) lies outside the central nervous system and consists of somatic and autonomic nervous system. Somatic nervous system (SNS) serves to carry the sensory information from external sensory receptors to CNS and motor signals from CNS to skeletal muscles (the voluntary actions). 
The autonomic division (ANS) of peripheral nervous system consists of motor fibres that relay nerve impulses from CNS to cardiac and smooth muscles and glands, thereby controlling the functioning of internal organs, without our conscious control (the involuntary actions). 
PNS relays information to and from CNS via its somatic and autonomic divisions.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.