Tag: zoology

Beadle and Tatum studied nutritional mutants in the bread mold Neurospora crassa. Their work led to the 'one gene, one enzyme' hypothesis, stating that each gene is responsible for the synthesis of a specific enzyme.

Electroporation is a technique where an electrical field is applied to cells to increase the permeability of the cell membrane, allowing DNA to be introduced into the plant cell.

Frederick Griffith is correctly credited with the discovery of bacterial transformation in 1928. The other options contain historical inaccuracies regarding the scientists or their specific contributions.

The three stop (terminator) codons are UAA, UAG, and UGA. All of these begin with the nucleotide Uracil (U).

Transposons, often called jumping genes, are DNA sequences that can change their position within a genome.

Statement 1 is correct because the genetic code is degenerate (multiple codons for one amino acid). Statement 3 is correct because the genetic code is nearly universal. Statement 2 is false because some amino acids like methionine have only one codon. Statement 4 is false because bacteria use the same codon system.

The genetic code is nearly universal, and UUU is the codon that codes for phenylalanine in almost all organisms.

In the bacterial ribosome, the 23S rRNA is a ribozyme, meaning it acts as a catalyst (specifically, a peptidyl transferase) to form peptide bonds between amino acids during translation.