Tag: history

The period of rule of Sher Shah was 1540 - 1545. He fought many battles with him , intially capturing Gaur in Bengal and finally getting the throne of Delhi after the battle of Kannauj in 1540 and he died at in an accidental explosion of gunpowder in 1545.

The Battle of Chausa took place in between Mughal Emperor Humayun and Sher Shah Suri on June 26, 1539. Humayun was defeated in Chausa battle by Sher Shah Suri. 

The empire of Sher Shah was divided into Sarkars.  The first five year of Sher Shah's administration were used in setting up a new template for civil administration in India. He divided the entire kingdom in 47 divisions and called them " Sarkars". These Sarkars were divided into Parganas. Every Pargana was under a Shikqdar , who looked into the law and order of his Pargana.

Sher Shah was killed due to an explosion in 1545.  Sher Shah Suri was killed in a freak accident during the siege of Kalinjar fort on 13 May 1545. He was succeeded by hisson , Jalal Khan who took the title of Islam Shah Suri.

Humayun was completely defeated by Sher Shah Suri in the battle of Kannauj. In May 1540 , the armies met once again opposite Kannauj and the Mughal Empire was put to an end for a while. At Kannauj , the Afghans were able to scatter the Mughals army, which mere by panic, fled in confusion. Humayun again escaped from the battle field and from that day, for next 15 years he lived like a wanderer.

Kalinjar fort was the last expedition of Shershah. Sher Shah Suri marched against the kalinjar fort and captured it. soon after the capture , Sher Shah Suri died on 22nd May 1545. The fort of Kalinjar is in the Buldelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh.Immediatley after the conclusion of the successful campaign in Rajasthan, Sher Shah marched on Kalinjar.

Diwan - i - Insha was the minister of royal proclamation. The minister in charge of this department had to draft royal proclamations and dispatches. His duty was also to communicate with governors and other local executive officers. Government record, too, were in his charge.

There were two important officials at the sarkar level:
(i) shiqdar-i-shiqadaran to maintain law and order; and
(ii) munshife-i-munshifan to supervise the revenue collection.

In 1522 Sher Shah joined under the service of Bahar Khan under Lohani  , the ruler of Bihar. His master rewarded him with the title of Sher Khan for his bravery in killing a tiger single - handed. But the intrigues of his enemies compelled him to leave Bihar and he joined the camp of Babur in 1527. After the death of Bahar Khan Lohani , Sher Khan left Mughal service and became the ruler of Bihar.

The empire was divided in to 47 Sarkars during the period of Sher Shah. Sarkars were under the control of  Munsif-in-chief and Shiqdar-in-chief.