Tag: biology

Questions Related to biology

Cholera is spread through ________

some infectious diseases infectious diseases health and diseases biology

  1. Bite of female Anopheles mosquito

  2. Bite of female Culex mosquito

  3. Contaminated water

  4. The cough droplets from an infected person

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Explanation: Cholera is spread through intake of contaminated water or food in places that lack adequate sanitation facilities.

The stool of a cholera patient resembles __________

some infectious diseases infectious diseases health and diseases biology

  1. Anchovy sauce

  2. Rice water

  3. Apple jelly

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Explanation: The stool of a cholera patient resembles rice water and has a typical fishy odor.

Oral _______ vaccines cannot provide life-long immunity.

some infectious diseases infectious diseases health and diseases biology

  1. AIDS

  2. Cholera

  3. Malaria

  4. Cold

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Explanation: Oral cholera vaccines provide only short-term immunity, which lasts for around 2 to 3 years.

Anaerobic respiration takes place in
biology breathing for energy parts of respiration cellular respiration types of respiration

  1. mitochondrion

  2. nucleus

  3. cytoplasm

  4. vacuole

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Anaerobic respiration (both glycolysis and fermentation) takes place in the fluid portion of the cytoplasm whereas the bulk of the energy yield of aerobic respiration takes place in the mitochondria. So, the correct answer is "Cytoplasm."

Which of the following gland is both endocrine as well as exocrine? 

biology control and coordination in living organisms different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Thyroid

  2. Pancreas

  3. Payers patches

  4. Thymus

Show answer
Correct Option: B

Match List I with List II and select the correct option.

List I List II
A. Adrenalin 1. Myxoedema
B. Hyperparathyroidism 2. Accelerates heart beat
C. Oxytocin 3. Salt-water balance
D. Hypothyroidism 4. Childbirth
E. Aldosterone 5. Demineralisation 
biology control and coordination in living organisms different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. A- 2, B- 5, C- 4, D- 1, E- 3

  2. A- 3, B- 4, C- 5, D- 3, E- 2

  3. A- 5, B- 3, C- 2, D- 4, E- 1

  4. A- 2, B- 3, C- 4, D- 5, E- 1

  5. A- 5, B- 3, C- 4, D- 2, E- 1

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

When we perceive a threat, the body's stress hormones like adrenalin  accelerates the body's ability to respond rapidly. Heart rate and breathing is increased. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) activates osteoclast and thereby increases blood calcium, that promotes bone demineralization or bone resorption. The two main actions of oxytocin in the body are contraction of the uterus during childbirth and lactation. When the levels of thyroid hormones become low, it can result in a condition, called as myxoedema. Aldosterone serves as the principal regulator of the salt and water balance of the body.

Match the column I with column II and select the correct option.

Column I Column II
A ANF 1 Regulates blood calcium levels
B MSH 2 Decreases blood pressure
C GIP 3 Pigmentation
D TCT 4 Inhibits gastric secretion
biology control and coordination in living organisms different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. A- 4, B- 1, C- 2, D- 3

  2. A- 2, B- 1, C- 4, D- 3

  3. A- 4, B- 1, C- 3, D- 2

  4. A- 3, B- 2, C- 4, D- 1

  5. A- 2, B- 3, C- 4, D- 1

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:
  • Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) or atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is a powerful vasodilator, and a protein (polypeptide) hormone secreted by heart muscle cells. ANF acts to reduce the water, sodium and adipose loads on the circulatory system, thereby reducing blood pressure. 

  • The melanocyte-stimulating hormones ( MSH) are peptide hormones that are produced by cells in the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland. They stimulate the production and release of melanin (melanogenesis) by melanocytes in skin and hair. An increase in MSH will cause skin darkening in humans. 

  • GIP is a peptide hormone, secreted by the stomach, which stimulates intestinal secretions and insulin release as part of the digestive process; GIP inhibits the secretion of gastric acids and of pepsin. 

  • Calcitonin is a hormone, that is produced in humans by the parafollicular cells (commonly known as C-cells) of the thyroid gland. Thyrocalcitonin (TCT) helps to regulate levels of calcium and phosphate in the blood, opposing the action of parathyroid hormone. This means that it acts to reduce calcium levels in the blood.

    Hence , option E is correct.

Given below is an incomplete table about certain hormones, their source glands and one major effect of each on the body in humans. Identify the correct option for the three blanks A, B and C.

Glands Secretion Effect on body
A Oestrogen Maintenance of secondarysexual character
Alpha cellsof Islets ofLangerhans B Raises blood sugar level
Anteriorpituitary C Over secretion leads togigantism
biology control and coordination in living organisms different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. A - Placenta, B - Glucagon, C - Calcitonin

  2. A - Ovary, B - Glucagon, C - Growth hormone

  3. A - Placenta, B - Insulin, C - Vasopressin

  4. A - Ovary, B -Insulin, C - Calcitonin

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The primary function of the ovary is the production of ova. In addition to it, ovary acts like an endocrine organ where it secretes oestrogen, progesterone under the influence of FSH. Oestrogen helps to develop and maintain the secondary sexual characters. Glucagon is secreted by alpha cells of islets of Langerhans which helps to maintain the glucose level by preventing glucose level from falling too low. The pituitary is the master gland of the body which controls the function of various other glands. It is divided into two lobes anterior and posterior. The posterior lobe secretes growth hormone, oversecretion of this hormone leads to gigantism and is mostly caused by a tumor in the gland. It results in the oversecretion of growth hormone. Thus the correct answer is option B.  


Match the source gland with its respective hormone as well as the function and choose the correct option.

Sourcegland Hormone Function
(a) Thyroid Thyroxine Regulates blood calciumlevel
(b) Anteriorpituitary Oxytocin Contraction of uterusmuscles during child birth
(c) Posteriorpituitary Vasopressin Stimulates reabsorptionof water in the distaltubules in the nephron
(d) Corpusluteum Estrogen Supports pregnancy
biology control and coordination in living organisms different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. a

  2. b

  3. c

  4. d

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Vasopressin is secreted from the posterior pituitary gland in response to reductions in plasma volume, in response to increases in the plasma osmolality, and in response to cholecystokinin (CCK) secreted by the small intestine. Its two primary functions are to retain water in the body and to constrict blood vessels. Vasopressin regulates the body's retention of water by acting to increase water reabsorption in the collecting ducts of the kidney nephron

Which of the following statements are false / true?
A. Calcitonin regulates the metabolism of calcium.
B. Oxytocin stimulates contraction of uterine muscles during birth.
C. Grave's disease is caused by malfunctioning of adrenal gland.
D. ADH stimulates absorption of water and increase the urine production.

biology control and coordination in living organisms different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. A and C are true ; B and D are false

  2. A and B are true ; C and D are false

  3. A and D are false ; B and C are true

  4. A, B and C are true ; D only false

  5. A only true ; B, C and D are false

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Calcitonin is a polypeptide hormone secreted by the parafollicular cells (C-cells) of the thyroid gland in mammals. The concentration of calcium ion in extracellular fluids is the principal stimulus for the secretion of calcitonin by C-cells. Calcitonin acts as an emergency hormone to protect against the development of hypercalcemia. 

The two main actions of oxytocin in the body are the contraction of the womb (uterus) during childbirth and lactation. Oxytocin stimulates the uterine muscles to contract and also increases production of prostaglandins, which increase the contractions further.