Tag: intro & meaning & importance & principles of directing

Democratic leadership involves participative decision-making, encouraging growth, and setting objectives collaboratively, rather than just giving orders or using criticism.

Trait theories of leadership posit that leaders possess innate qualities or traits, implying that leaders are born rather than made through training.

Autocratic style - High emphasis on performance and a low emphasis on people. Assumes that people are lazy, irresponsible, and untrustworthy and that planning, organizing, controlling, and decision making should be accomplished by the leader with minimal involvement of employees. Relies on authority, control, power, manipulation and hard work to get the job done. In Autocratic style of leadership the leader centralizes his authority and keeps decision making with himself and very limited participation by subordinates of the group. 

The University of Michigan studies identified two styles of leadership: employee-oriented and production-oriented, and concluded that employee-oriented leaders were more effective.

Technical skill refers to the proficiency and ability to perform specific tasks or jobs, often associated with lower-level management.

The Ohio State University studies in the 1940s identified 'consideration' and 'initiating structure' as the two primary dimensions of leadership behavior.

In the Blake and Mouton Managerial Grid, the (9,1) position represents high concern for production and low concern for people, which is termed authority-compliance or autocratic-task oriented management.

In the Blake and Mouton Managerial Grid, the (1,1) position represents low concern for both people and production, known as impoverished management.

Path-goal theory suggests that a leader's role is to clear the path for followers to reach their goals, and motivation is based on the expectation that effort leads to performance, which leads to rewards.