Tag: pineal gland and thymus

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Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

Pineal gland is located

  1. On kidney

  2. In brain

  3. In pancreas

  4. Near thyroid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Pineal gland, known as epiphysis, is located on dorsal side of forebrain. It is a small, rounded, stalked and reddish brown gland that resembles a pine cone. It secretes melatonin and serotonin hormone. Melatonin regulates circadian rhythm of body, pigmentation, metabolism and defence capability. Serotonin acts as a neurotransmitter and regulates functions of many organs of body like memory, sleeping, learning etc.
So, the correct answer is 'In brain'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

Which of these is not a placental hormone?

  1. Progesterone

  2. HCG

  3. Estrogen

  4. Melatonin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Melatonin is secreted from pineal gland. This hormone regulates circadian rhythm of body like sleep-wake cycle, temperature of body etc. It also maintains pigmentation, metabolism and defence capability.
Progesterone, estrogen and HCG (Human chorionic gonadotropin) are secreted from placenta during pregnancy. In addition to placenta, progesterone is also secreted from corpus luteum and estrogen is also secreted from ovarian follicles.
So, the correct answer is 'Melatonin'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

Hormone regulating diurnal rhythm/sleep wake cycle is 

  1. Thymosin

  2. Glucagon

  3. Melatonin

  4. Oxytocin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Melatonin is secreted from pineal gland which is located on dorsal side of forebrain. Its secretion is stimulated by MSH (Melanocyte stimulating hormone) secreted from intermediate lobe of pituitary gland. Melatonin regulates circadian rhythm of the body like sleep-wake cycle because melatonin levels rise at night and fall in the morning. High levels of melatonin induce sleep. It also regulates pigmentation, metabolism and defence capability.
So, the correct answer is 'Melatonin'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

Match the columns 


I II III
1. Melatonin a. Thyroid i. Acts on renal tubules
2. MSH b. Adrenal ii. Rregulates blood calcium level
3. Aldosterone c. Pituitary iii. Maintains diurnal rhythm of our body
4. TCT d. Pineal iv. Acts on melanocytes

  1. 4-a-iv, 3-d-iii, 1-b-ii, 2-c-i

  2. 1-d-iii, 2-c-iv, 3-b-i, 4-a-ii

  3. 1-b-i, 4-a-iii, 3-c-ii, 2-d-iv

  4. 2-c-ii, 1-b-i, 4-c-iv, 3-c-iii

  5. 2-c-iv, 3-a-ii, 1-d-iii, 4-b-i
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
1. Melatonin is secreted from pineal gland and regulates diurnal rhythm of body.
2. MSH (Melanocyte stimulating hormone) is secreted from intermediate lobe of pituitary gland and acts on melanocytes to secrete melanin which regulates pigmentation.
3. Aldosterone is secreted from adrenal gland and acts on renal tubules to stimulate water absorption.
4. TCT (Thyrocalcitonin) is secreted from thyroid gland and regulates blood calcium level.
So, the correct answer is '1-d-iii, 2-c-iv, 3-b-i, 4-a-ii'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

Name the gland which is located under corpus callosum.

  1. Adrenal gland

  2. Thyroid gland

  3. Pineal gland

  4. Thymus gland
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
A. Adrenal gland is present on upper side of kidneys and has two parts, adrenal cortex which secrete glucocorticoids (Cortisol), mineralocorticoids (Aldosterone) and sexocorticoids (Androgen) and, adrenal medulla which secrete adrenaline and nor-adrenaline hormone.
B. Thyroid gland is situated between the trachea and larynx in the neck and secretes thyroxine hormone which increases oxygen consumption by metabolically active tissues.
C. Pineal gland is a small, rounded and reddish brown gland present at the dorsal side of forebrain. It is located under corpus callosum (bridge between right and left sides of brain). This gland secretes melatonin and serotonin hormones.
D. Thymus gland is associated with the development of immune system and present on the dorsal side of heart. It secretes thymosin hormone which plays an important role in the differentiation of T-lymphocytes.
So, the correct answer is 'Pineal gland'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

Function of pineal gland is to 

  1. Control sexual behaviour

  2. Regulate period of puberty

  3. Lighter skin colour

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Pineal gland is a small, stalked and rounded gland present on the dorsal side of forebrain. This gland secretes melatonin hormone which regulates many important functions in the body like circadian rhythm of the body, sleep-wake cycle, body temperature etc. It also regulates pigmentation and control sexual behaviour. Melatonin also influences menstrual cycle. In man, at the time of puberty, pineal gland starts to get calcified and the calcium deposits are known as brain sand. Thus, it also regulate puberty period.
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

Pineal gland secretes melatonin which is connected to

  1. Colouration of skin

  2. Sleep

  3. Anger

  4. Body temperature
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Pineal gland is a small, rounded and reddish brown gland present at the dorsal side of forebrain. This gland secretes melatonin and serotonin hormones. Melatonin is derived from amino acid tryptophan and secreted from pineal gland. It regulates the 24 hour rhythm of our body like sleep-wake cycle. Its levels in the body increase during night and fall in the morning time. High levels of melatonin induce sleep and hence, it regulates sleep-wake cycle of the body.
So, the correct answer is 'Sleep'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

With increasing age, secretion of which of the following is reduced to half?

  1. HGH

  2. Estrogen

  3. GTH

  4. Melatonin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Melatonin is secreted from pineal gland which is located at the dorsal side of forebrain. Melatonin hormone is derived from amino acid tyrosine. It regulates circadian rhythm of body like sleep-wake cycle, temperature of body etc. It also regulates pigmentation, metabolism and defence capability. With increasing age, secretion of melatonin is decreased and reduces to about half.
So, the correct answer is 'Melatonin'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination pineal gland pituitary gland and pineal gland pineal gland and thymus

Serotonin and melatonin are hormones secreted by 

  1. Pancreas

  2. Pineal body

  3. Pituitarygland

  4. Thymus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
A. Pancreas has two types of cells in the islet of Langerhans called alpha cells and beta cells which produce glucagon and insulin respectively.
B. Pineal body secreted melatonin and serotonin.
C. Pituitary gland has two parts adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis. Adenohypophysis secretes growth hormone (GH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH), prolactin (PRL), follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)  and luteinizing hormone (LH). Neurohypophysis secretes vasopressin and oxytocin. 
D. Thymus secretes peptide hormones thymosins.
So, the correct answer is 'Pineal body'.