Tag: pineal gland and thymus

Questions Related to pineal gland and thymus

Which of the following hormone is correctly matched with it's source and function?

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination thymus thymus gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. Vasopressin - Anterior pituitary - Induces reabsorption of water in nephron

  2. Oxytocin - Anterior pituitray - Contraction in uterine muscles during birth (parturation)

  3. Thymosin - Thymus - Helps in differentiation of T - Lymphocyte

  4. Glucagon - Pancreatic $ \alpha $ cells- Induces the uptake of utilization of glucose inside cells

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The thymus gland, located behind the sternum and between lungs, is only active until puberty. After puberty, the thymus starts to slowly shrink and become replaced by fat. Thymosin is the hormone of the thymus, and it stimulates the differentiation of disease-fighting T cells.

So, the correct answer is 'Thymosin - Thymus - Helps in the differentiation of T - Lymphocyte'.

A person without thymus would not be able to

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination thymus thymus gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. Reject a tissue transplant

  2. Receive a tissue transplant

  3. Develop an inflammatory response

  4. Produce antibodies

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Thymus gland is a lobular structure which is present on the dorsal side of the heart and aorta. It plays an important role in the development of immune system. It contains lymphoid tissue which is involved in the proliferation and maturation of T-lymphocytes.
Hence, a person without thymus would not be able to reject a tissue transplant because as the immune system won't be developed, there will be no autoimmune response to reject the transplant. The T-lymphocytes which can distinguish between self and non-self, will not be produced. So, the transplant won't get rejected by the body.
So, the correct answer is 'Reject a tissue transplant'.

If thymectomy is done during adult hood then what possibility is there?

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination thymus thymus gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. Immunosuppresant

  2. Die immediately

  3. No advice reaction

  4. Myasthenia gravis

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The thymus gland plays an important role in the immune function of the body by acting as an reservoir for T cells. Thymectomy or removal of the thymus gland in new born does not show any effect. However, the removal of the thymus gland during adulthood will result in suppression of the immune system. 

So, the correct option is 'Immunosuppresant'.

Which glands helps to maintain immunity

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination thymus thymus gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. Hypothalamus

  2. Adrenal

  3. Thymus

  4. Pancreas

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Thymosins secreted by thymus  play a major role in the differentiation of T-lymphocytes, which provide cell-mediated immunity. In addition, thymosins also promote production of antibodies to provide humoral immunity.

Hassall corpuscles are characteristic of

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination thymus thymus gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. Thymus

  2. Adrenal

  3. Pineal

  4. Pancreas

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Hassall's corpuscles also called thymic corpuscles, are structures found in the medulla of the human thymus, formed from eosinophilic type VI epithelial reticular cells, arranged concentrically.
Thus, the correct answer is option (A), 'Thymus'.

The endocrine gland related to the immune system is ____.

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination thymus thymus gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. Thyroid

  2. Thymus

  3. Adrenal

  4. Pineal

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
The thymus gland, despite containing glandular tissue and producing several hormones, is much more closely associated with the immune system than with the endocrine system. The thymus serves a vital role in the training and development of T-lymphocytes or T cells, an extremely important type of white blood cell.

So, the correct answer is 'Thymus'.

The gland which is related to the maturation of lymphocytes is

zoology plants and animal hormones thymus thymus gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. Thymus

  2. Thyroid

  3. Adrenal

  4. Pituitary

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Thymus is small lymphoid structure present in lower art of neck in front of trachea, below the thyroid gland. It is the primary source of lymphocytes before birth and is the site of maturation or development of T-lymphocytes which circulates in lymphoid tissues. 

Which endocrine gland becomes inactive after puberty?

zoology plants and animal hormones thymus thymus gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. Thyroid

  2. Parathyroid

  3. Thymus

  4. Gonads

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Thymus becomes inactive after puberty and shrinks. Most of the glands is replaced by adipose tissue. It produces thymosin which stimulates the development of disease-fighting T cells. The immune system produces most of its T cells during childhood and requires very few new T cells after puberty so the gland degenerates.

So, the correct answer is 'Thymus'.

Ageing is caused by disappearance of 
Or
Which one of the following is gradually reduced and degenerated in ageing according to immunity theory 
Or
Which is called "Clock of ageing"

zoology plants and animal hormones thymus thymus gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. Thyroid

  2. Parathyroids

  3. Thymus

  4. Pitutary

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
The thymus gland is a small irregular shaped gland in the mediastinum. 
The gland is part of both endocrine systems as well as the lymphatic system of the body. 
This gland gradually reduces in size as the age of person advances thus it is degenerated in ageing according to the immunity theory. 
Thus, the gland is also called a 'Clock of Ageing'.
So, the correct answer is 'Thymus'.

According to one of the theories of ageing, the decline and disappearance of which gland by late middle age is the primary cause of ageing? 

zoology plants and animal hormones thymus thymus gland pineal gland and thymus

  1. Thyroid

  2. Parathyroid

  3. Thymus

  4. Posterior lobe of pituitary

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
A. Thyroid gland is situated between the trachea and larynx in the neck and secretes thyroxine hormone which increases oxygen consumption by metabolically active tissues.
B. Parathyroid gland is present in the form of four small pouches which are embedded in the posterior surface of lobes of thyroid gland. This gland secretes parathormone which increases calcium reabsorption from the bones and causes mobilisation of calcium in the blood.
C. Thymus gland is associated with the development of immune system and present on the dorsal side of heart. This gland shows maximum development in children during puberty and by the age of 70, it becomes a tiny structure.
D. Posterior lobe of pituitary is known as neurohypophysis and secretes oxytocin and vasopressin hormone.
Hence, disappearance of thymus gland is primary cause of ageing because immune system of body is affected due to retardation of thymus gland leading to weak immunity.
So, the correct answer is 'Thymus'.