Tag: option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics

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Questions Related to option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation biotechnology in agriculture

Genes can be inserted into human cells by

  1. PCR

  2. Xenotransplantation

  3. Modified viruses

  4. Modified microarrays
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Modified viruses (viral vectors) are commonly used in gene therapy to deliver therapeutic genes into human cells because of their natural ability to infect cells.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation biotechnology in agriculture

Find the odd one among the following methods of rDNA transfer into host cell.

  1. Biolistics

  2. Gene gun

  3. Microinjection

  4. Retroviral vector
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

There are various methods of making the host cell competent for transformation with Recombinant DNA technology.

Microinjection method is one where the recommended DNA is directly injected into the nucleus of the animal cell. In the gene gun method, the bombardments on plant cell with high-velocity microparticles of gold or tungsten coated with DNA is done which is known as biolistic or gene gun.
The pathogen vectors are allowed to infect the cell and transfer the recombinant DNA into the host cell which is known as the retroviral vector method.
So, the correct option is 'Biolistics'.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation biotechnology in agriculture

Which cannot be used for direct gene transfer 

  1. Biolistics (gene gun)

  2. Microinjection

  3. Electroporation

  4. Agrobacterium tumefacians
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Biolistics (gene gun), Microinjection and Electroporation are direct methods of gene transfer.
  • Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a gram-negative soil bacterium, which can cause crown gall tumors at wound sites of infected dicotyledonous plants.
  • Agrobacterium tumefaciens acts as a vector for the transfer of genetic material hence it cannot be used for direct gene transfer.
  • Hence Agrobacterium tumefaciens cannot be used for direct gene transfer.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Agrobacterium tumefaciens'.
Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation biotechnology in agriculture

Which of these is used as vector in gene therapy for SCID?

  1. Arbovirus

  2. Rotavirus

  3. Enterovirus

  4. Parvovirus

  5. Retrovirus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

In gene therapy trials, the retrovirus is used as a vector to treat X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-SCID) represent the most successful application of gene therapy. The retrovirus genetic material is in the form of RNA molecules, and their hosts genetic material is in the form of DNA. When a retrovirus infects a host cell, it will introduce its RNA together with some enzymes, namely reverse transcriptase and integrase, into the cell. This RNA molecule from the retrovirus must produce a DNA copy from its RNA molecule before it can be integrated into the genetic material of the host cell. The process of producing a DNA copy from an RNA molecule is termed reverse transcription.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation biotechnology in agriculture

Transfer of DNA bands from agarose gel to nitrocellulose or nylon membrane is

  1. Southern transfer

  2. Western transfer

  3. Northern transfer

  4. Eastern transfer

  5. Gene transfer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Southern blotting is the technique used to transfer DNA fragments from an agarose gel to a membrane (like nitrocellulose) for hybridization analysis.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation biotechnology in agriculture

Gene gun can introduce genes into cells with the help of

  1. Plasmids

  2. Cosmids

  3. Microscopic pellets

  4. Phagemids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In the gene gun method, microscopic pellets of gold or tungsten are coated with the transgene fragments and shot into the plant cells or tissues at high velocity. 

So the correct option is C.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation biotechnology in agriculture

The technique in which foreign DNA is precipitated over surface of metal particles for passing into target cells is __________.

  1. Microinjection

  2. Electroporation

  3. Particle gun

  4. Chemical mediated gene transfer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Particle gun technology, also known as biolistics, involves coating microscopic metal particles (like gold or tungsten) with DNA and accelerating them into target cells. This physical method is distinct from chemical or electrical gene transfer techniques.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation biotechnology in agriculture

Microparticles for coating with DNA to be bombarded with gene gun are made of

  1. Silver or platinum

  2. Platinum or zinc

  3. Silicon or platinum

  4. Gold or tungsten
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Gold and tungsten are the standard materials used for microprojectiles in biolistic gene transfer because they are inert, dense, and can be easily prepared as microparticles.