Tag: mendel's law of inheritance

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Questions Related to mendel's law of inheritance

Multiple choice biology mendel's law of inheritance determination of sex sex determination sex determination in humans

The human offspring can be of two types with XX and .......... chromosomes.

  1. XY

  2. XX

  3. XXX

  4. YY
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The sex of an individual is determined by which paternal sex chromosome (X or Y) is inherited during fertilization. Eggs and sperm, as reproductive cells, each contain only one of the two sex chromosomes as a result of having undergone meiosis, a form of cell division that produces daughter cells containing only one member of each chromosome pair. All eggs therefore, contain an X chromosome, but half of the sperms contain an X chromosome and the other half a Y chromosome. 
If an egg is fertilized by a sperm carrying an X chromosome, an XX or female embryo will result, while fertilization of the egg by a Y-bearing sperm will produce an XY or male embryo. In some organisms, including birds, the female contains the unlike pair of sex chromosomes. Thus, in these cases, the mother determines the sex of the offspring.
Thus, the offspring can be of two types, XX and XY.
Multiple choice biology mendel's law of inheritance determination of sex sex determination sex determination in humans

Sex of the child is determined by the type of ................ provided by the father.

  1. Sperm

  2. Ovum

  3. Embryo

  4. Placenta
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A human female produces only one type of ovum having half the number of autosomes and one X chromosome. However, a male produces two types of sperms having half the number of autosomes and either an X or a Y chromosome. In case, the sperm with X type of chromosome fertilizes ovum then a female child is produced and if the sperm with a Y chromosome fertilizes the ovum a male child is produced. Hence, the type of sperm that actually fertilizes the ovum determines the sex of the baby.

Multiple choice biology mendel's law of inheritance determination of sex sex determination sex determination in humans

Which of the following statement is true?

  1. Mother determines the sex of the child.

  2. Father inherits the character to the son only.

  3. Father inherits the character to daughter only.

  4. None of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Father determines the sex of the child as there are two types of sperms ( 23+XX and 23+XY) while all eggs are same (23+XX).
  • Father inherits the character to both son and daughter as each offspring whether boy or girl receives half of their genome from mother and another half from father.
  • So, the correct option is 'None of the above'.
Multiple choice biology mendel's law of inheritance determination of sex sex determination sex determination in humans

In human beings, the statistical probability of getting either a male or a female child is 50:50. Which of the following is the cause behind it?

  1. The sex of an infant is determined by the type of sex chromosome contributed by the male gamete.

  2. The ratio of male gametes containing X chromosome and those containing Y chromosome is 50:50.

  3. Both A and B.

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • The sex of an infant is determined by the type of sex chromosome contributed by the male gamete. A male produces two types of sperms, one type bears 22+X composition and the other, 22+Y. Therefore, a male has 50% sperms with X chromosomes and the other 50% with Y chromosomes.
Anyone of the two types of the sperms can fertilize the egg. If a Y bearing sperm fertilizes the egg, the zygote will be a male (XY) and when X bearing sperm fertilizes the egg, the resulting zygote will be female (XX). Since the ratio of the X chromosome and the Y chromosome in a male gamete is 50:50. The statistical probability of male or female infants is also 50:50.
Multiple choice botany mendel's law of inheritance genetics terminology similarities and dissimilarities in organisms introduction to genetics features of human body and sign language

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.


In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous individuals, percentage of  re homozygous individuals obtained in $F 1$ generation will be ________.

  1. 25%

  2. 50%

  3. 75%

  4. 100%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygotes (Tt x Tt), the F1 genotypes are 1 TT, 2 Tt, and 1 tt. The homozygous individuals are TT and tt (1+1=2 out of 4), which is 50 percent.

Multiple choice botany mendel's law of inheritance genetics terminology similarities and dissimilarities in organisms introduction to genetics features of human body and sign language

Mendel formulated the law of purity of gametes on the basis of

  1. monohybrid cross

  2. dihybrid cross

  3. test cross

  4. back cross
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A gamete may carry either the dominant or the recessive factor but not both as we find in F1 individuals. This is why it is called either as 'principle of segregation' or as 'law of purity of gametes'. This concept of segregation is often called Mendel's first principle. The alleles of contrasting characters selected in the monohybrid cross will show exact Dominance and Recessive relationships. Monohybrid cross refers to  mating between two organisms with different variations at one genetic chromosome of interest. The character(s) being studied in a monohybrid cross are governed by two or multiple variations for a single locus.

So, the correct answer is 'monohybrid cross'.

Multiple choice botany mendel's law of inheritance genetics terminology similarities and dissimilarities in organisms introduction to genetics

Which of the following is considered as physical and chemical unit of heredity?

  1. Gene

  2. Chromosome

  3. Nucleotide

  4. Codon

  5. Chromatid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A gene is a locus (or region) of DNA which is made up of nucleotides and is the molecular unit of heredity. It controls the development and function of all organs and all working systems in the body. Genes are passed from parent to offspring; the combination of these genes affects all aspects of the human body, from eye and hair colour to how well the liver can process toxins. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice botany mendel's law of inheritance genetics terminology similarities and dissimilarities in organisms introduction to genetics

Which of the following is considered as unit of inheritance?

  1. Gene

  2. Chromosome

  3. Nucleotide

  4. Codon

  5. Chromatid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Genes are the segment of DNA which carries information from parents to offsprings. It is the basic unit of heredity as they code for proteins which in turn determine the genetic traits. Genes are a continuous stretch of DNA and are linearly arranged on chromosomes. Chromatids are two identical parts of a duplicated chromosome. Nucleotides serve as a monomer of DNA. Codon is a base triplet of the gene that specifies specific amino acid. The correct answer is A.

Multiple choice botany mendel's law of inheritance genetics terminology similarities and dissimilarities in organisms introduction to genetics features of human body and sign language

Which of the following term was used by Mendel for hereditary units?

  1. Factor (determiner)

  2. Genome

  3. Genetic particle

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Gregor Mendel is the father of genetics. When he explained about heredity for the first time ever, the term "Gene" which is now being used, was not given. After his demise only, most of his research studies came to lime light. According to his explanations, he called them as 'Factor' or determiner which was otherwise known as heredity units.

Multiple choice botany mendel's law of inheritance genetics terminology similarities and dissimilarities in organisms introduction to genetics features of human body and sign language

For green coloured pod and rounded seed, which is the functional unit of inheritance?

  1. Cistron

  2. Gene

  3. Chromosome

  4. lntron
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Genes are the functional hereditary units.  Gene is also defined as the functional unit of DNA which codes for a character. Genes are located on chromosomes, which are then carried to the next generation and thus plays a great role in heredity.