Tag: nuclear physics

Questions Related to nuclear physics

Heavy water is:

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. compound of deutrium and oxygen

  2. water at $4 ^\circ C$

  3. water, in which soap does not lather

  4. compound of heavy oxygen and heavy hydrogen

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Heavy water is water that contains heavy hydrogen or deuterium. Deuterium differs from the hydrogen usually found in water, protium, in that each atom of deuterium contains a proton and a neutron. Heavy water may be deuterium oxide,$D _2O$ or it may be deuterium protium oxide, $DHO$. Heavy water occurs naturally, although it is much less common than regular water. 

Nuclear power stations are usually located near source of water because.

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. Fuel could be transported to the station by ships

  2. Chemical wastes are discharged into the river

  3. Water is used as coolant and moderator

  4. Water is used to rotate the turbines of the generator

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Water can be used as coolant and moderator

Nuclear power stations are usually located near water source because water is used as coolant and moderator. 

The control rod in a nuclear reactor is made of.

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. Cadmium

  2. Uranium

  3. Graphite

  4. Plutonium

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Control rods are used in nuclear reactors to control the fision rate of uranium and plutonium. They are composed of chemical elements such as boron, silver, indium and cadmium that are capable of absorbing many neutrons without themselves fissioning.

The nuclear fission chain reaction is initiated by the particle.

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. Proton

  2. Neutron

  3. Electron

  4. Positron

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Neutron 

Nuclear fission occurs when an atom splits into two or more smaller atoms, most often the as a result of neutron bombardment. 

In a nuclear reactor the excess reactivity can be controlled by using _____________ rods.

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. Lead rods

  2. Iron rods

  3. Uranium rods

  4. Cadmium rods

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Lead rods 

In nuclear reactor the lead rods have the ability to control the excess reactivity by suitably absorbing the neutrons and thus making the reaction controllable. 

Cadmium rods are used in a nuclear reactor

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. To produce neutrons

  2. To speed up neutrons

  3. To absorb neutrons

  4. None of these

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

To absorb neutrons 

Cadmium rods are inserted in nuclear reacter to absorb the extra nucleons any keep the nuclear reaction ratio of  1:1 , also keep the reaction stable. Cadmium has a high thermal neutron absorption cross section. Therefore cadmium rods will absorb neutrons, making them unavailable to cause fission.

The first atomic reactor was constructed by.

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. Einstein

  2. Goldstein

  3. Fermi

  4. Curie

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Fermi 

Chicago phile -1 was the worlds first nuclear reactor. On December 1942, the first human made self sustaining nuclear chain reaction was initiated in CP -1 during an experiment led by Enrico Fermi.

In a nuclear reactor heavy water is used as a.

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. Moderate

  2. Fuel

  3. Shield

  4. Controlling element

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Moderator 

A neutron moderator is a modium that reduces the spread of fast neutrons, thereby turning them into thermal neutrons capable of sustaining a nuclear chain reaction involving U-235. Heavy water is used as a moderator in nuclear reactor.

In nuclear power station energy of uranium is used for producing

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. Electrical energy

  2. Mechanical energy

  3. Heat energy

  4. Magnetic energy

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A

A nuclear power plant is a facility at which energy is released by the fissioning of atoms is converted to electrical energy under strictly regulated operation conditions. 

Which one moves with greatest speed :

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. $\alpha$-rays

  2. $\beta$-rays

  3. $\gamma$-rays

  4. cathode rays

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A

Alpha particles are released by high mass, proton rich unstable nuclei. The alpha particles is a helium nucleus, it consists of two protons and two neutrons. It contains no electron to balance the two positively charged protons. Alpha particles are therefore positively charged particles moving at high speed.