Tag: structure of neuron

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Multiple choice biology plant and animal tissues nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

Some cell in our body can be over a feet long. They are

  1. Muscle cells

  2. Bone cells

  3. Nerve cells

  4. Gland cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Certain neurons or nerve cells may almost equal the length of body itself. The axon of a motor neuron in the spinal cord, that innervates a muscle in the foot can be about 1 meter (3 feet) in length.

Multiple choice biology plant and animal tissues nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

Which one is absent in neurons ?

  1. Neurilemma

  2. Axon

  3. Sareolemma

  4. Dendrites
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sareolemma appears to be a misspelling of sarcolemma, which is the cell membrane of muscle fibres, NOT neurons. Neurons DO have neurilemma (Schwann cell membrane), axon, dendrites. The spelling error makes option C the correct answer as the absent structure.

Multiple choice biology plant and animal tissues nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

In axon of a neuron, the impulse is generated by exchange of

  1. Sodium and chlorine

  2. Magnesium and chlorine

  3. Calcium and potassium

  4. Sodium and potassium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The generation and propagation of an action potential in an axon are primarily driven by the rapid influx of sodium ions and the subsequent efflux of potassium ions.

Multiple choice biology plant and animal tissues nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

Touch on the right side stimulate neurons on

  1. Right somatic sensory area

  2. Right somatic motor area

  3. Left somatic sensory area

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Due to the decussation (crossing over) of nerve pathways in the central nervous system, sensory information from the right side of the body is processed in the left somatic sensory area of the brain.

Multiple choice biology plant and animal tissues nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

Myelin sheath is derived from

  1. Neuroglial cells

  2. Schwann cells

  3. Nerve cells

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • Myelin sheath is formed by oligodendrocytes in the CNS and by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. 
  • These cells wrap layer upon layer of their own plasma membrane in a tight spiral around axon. 
  • The insulating layer checks the leakage of charge and lesser stoppage points (nodes of Ranvier) leading to acceleration of the conduction and conservation of the metabolic energy.
So, the correct option is 'Schwann cells'.

Multiple choice biology plant and animal tissues nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

End plate junction is present between

  1. Neuron and striated muscle

  2. Neuron and neuron

  3. Muscle and muscle

  4. Both (b) and (c)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • The site of chemical communication between a nerve fibre and a muscle cell is called the end plate junction or neuromuscular junction.
  • The neuromuscular junction is analogous to the synapse between two neurons. 
  • A nerve fibre divides into many terminal branches; each terminal ends on a region of muscle fibre called the end plate. Embedded in the end plate are thousands of receptors. 
  • So, the correct option is 'Neuron and Striated muscle'.
Multiple choice biology plant and animal tissues nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

The myelin sheath around the axon is produced by which type of neurogical cells?

  1. Satellite glial cells

  2. Radial glial cells

  3. Dendrocytes

  4. Schwann cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation


  1. Myelin sheath is formed by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. 
  2. These cells wrap layer upon layer of their own plasma membrane in a tight spiral around axon. 
  3. The insulating layer checks the leakage of charge and lesser stoppage points (nodes of Ranvier) leading to acceleration of the conduction and conservation of the metabolic energy.
So, the correct option is 'Schwann cells'.

Multiple choice biology plant and animal tissues nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

During depolarisation of neuron

  1. $K^+$ channels remain open
  2. N$a^+$ gets inside through ion channels
  3. N$a^+$ gets outside through ion channels

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

During depolarization, voltage-gated sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to rush into the neuron, which makes the interior less negative.

Multiple choice biology plant and animal tissues nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

An investigator places an isolated neuron in a calcium-free medium, gives the neuron a suprathreshold stimulus and then performs an assay to test whether neurotransmitter is released into the medium. Which of the following outcomes would you predict?

  1. No neurotransmitter is detected since influx of calcium into the synaptic knob is required for neurotransmitter release.

  2. No neurotransmitter is detected since influx of calcium is required in order for the neuron to conduct an action potential.

  3. Neurotransmitter is detected since calcium is not required for action potential conduction and the initial stimulus was suprathreshold.

  4. We cannot predict the outcome without knowing whether the neuron was myelinated or non-myelinated.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Calcium influx into the synaptic terminal is essential for the exocytosis of neurotransmitter vesicles. Without extracellular calcium, the neurotransmitter cannot be released even if the action potential reaches the terminal.