Tag: structure of neuron

Nissl granules are essentially clusters of rough endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes, which are the machinery responsible for protein synthesis within the neuron.

Nissl granules are characteristic cytoplasmic inclusions found specifically in the cell bodies and dendrites of nerve cells (neurons).

Nodes of Ranvier are the periodic gaps in the myelin sheath of medullated (myelinated) nerve fibers. They allow for saltatory conduction of nerve impulses.

The perikaryon (cell body) and dendrites are characteristic structures of a neuron that distinguish it from other typical animal cells. While other cells have nuclei and mitochondria, these specific extensions and the cell body structure are unique to neurons.

Schwann cells are specialized glial cells that wrap around the axons of neurons in the peripheral nervous system to form the myelin sheath.

The axon is the long projection of a neuron that is typically covered by the myelin sheath, which is a fatty insulating layer that speeds up impulse transmission.

The medullary sheath is composed of a shinning, white, fatty substance called myelin. This sheath perhaps serves as an insulating layer, preventing loss of energy of the nerve impulse during its passage along the fibre. The medullary sheath is continuous around the fibres in the central nervous system, but in the fibres of the peripheral nerves, it is absent at certain points known as the Node of Ranvier. The part of a nerve fibre between two successive nodes is termed the internode.

Areolar tissue contains collagen, epithelium contains keratin, and muscle fibers contain actin. Melanin is a pigment found in skin and hair, not a structural protein characteristic of neurons.

Dendrites- They are branched extensions of nerve cells.
Nissl bodies- It is a large granular body found in the neuron cells.
Schwann cell- They are present in the axon of a neuron. They help in supporting nerve regeneration.
Thus the correct answer is "Glial cells"

Myelin is an insulating layer, or sheath, that forms around nerves. It is made up of protein and fatty substances. The fat helps to insulate the axons from electrically charged atoms and molecules. The purpose of the myelin sheath is to allow electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells.