Tag: structure of neuron

• The different cells in the body can regenerate in order to replace the damaged or the worn-out cells. 
• The neurons are one of the brain cells. The cells divide during the embryonal stage. After the birth of a child, the cells lose their capacity to divide. 
• These cells have the least capacity of regeneration. 
• Thus, the correct answer is option C. 

The axon can be defined as the long cytoplasmic process of the cell body, which transmits the impulse from the cell body to other neurons. The axon of the neuron is covered by a lipid-rich membrane, called myelin sheath. The myelin sheath is formed by Schwann cells and each Schwann cell covers a part of the axon.
Thus, the correct answer is the option D.

The dendrites of the neuron are called as 'afferent processes' because they transmit impulses to the neuron cell body.
Thus, the correct answer is the option (B), 'Dendrite'.

Cells of the nervous system are called nerve cells or neurons. Neurons have specialized cell parts, called dendrites and axons. A thin sheath covers the axon of the nerve cell. This sheath is called as neurilemma. The sarcolemma also called the myolemma, is the cell membrane of a striated muscle fiber cell. It is not present in the nerve cell. 

Unlike unmyelinated axons in periphary nerves which an embedded in neurilemma of Schwann cells, those of central nerves lie free in neuropil(nertwork of glial cells and nerve cell components).