Tag: structure of neuron

Questions Related to structure of neuron

Which cells do not form layer and remain structurally separate?

biology control and co-ordination in plants and animals nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. Epithelial cells

  2. Muscle cells

  3. Nerve cells

  4. Gland cells

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
A. Epithelial cells form the lining of surface of body. These are present in the external and internal exposed parts of the body. These cells generally rest upon a non cellular supporting layer which is called the basement membrane.
B. Muscle cells are found in the muscles and these are responsible for the movement of the body and various parts. These cells are also called myocytes or sarcocytes.
C. Nerve cells or neurons are the longest cells of the body. These form the structural and functional unit of nervous system. These cells do not form any layer and structurally separate as each neuron has two functional and morphological groups i.e. dendrites and axons.
D. Gland cells are found in various glands of body and are associated with cellular secretion of various substances.
So, the correct answer is 'Nerve cells'.

Which of the following is the part of a neuron?

biology sensations and responses nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. Axon

  2. Cell body

  3. Dendrite

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The primary components of the neuron are the soma (cell body), the axon (a long slender projection that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body), dendrites (tree-like structures that receive messages from other neurons), and synapses (specialized junctions between neurons).

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

The bulbous structure present at the terminal end of an axon is_______________

biology plant and animal tissues nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. Synaptic vesicle

  2. Synaptic knob

  3. Dendrites

  4. Schwann cell

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A. Synaptic vesicle store various neurotransmitters that are released at the synapse.

B. Synaptic knob-The bulbous structure present at the terminal end of an axon.

c. Dendrites-also dendrons, are branched protoplasmic extensions of a nerve cell that propagate the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body, or soma, of the neuron from which the dendrites project.

D. Schwann cell -also called neurilemma cell, any of the cells in the peripheral nervous system that produce the myelin sheath around neuronal axons.

So, the correct option is 'Synaptic Knob'.

Name the part of the neuron, where information is acquired.

biology plant and animal tissues nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. Axon

  2. Dendrites

  3. Synapse

  4. Schwann cells

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Neuron is a structural and functional unit of neural system. It is composed of three major parts- cell body, dendrites and axon.
A. Axon is a long fibre which arises from the cell body and terminates as a bulb-like structure called the synaptic knob which participate in synapse. Hence, the axons take away the information from the cell body of the neuron to which they belong.
B. Dendrites are the short fibers which arise out from the cell body. The dendrites of one neuron receive the electrical impulses from different sources and then transmit these impulses towards the cell body of the neuron to which they belong. Hence, the information is acquired here.
C. Synapse is the nerve impulse which is transmitted from one neuron to another through the junctions. It is formed by the membranes of the pre-synaptic neuron and a post-synaptic neuron.
D. Schwann cells are enclosed in myelin sheath and are lipid rich cells.
So, the correct option is 'Dendrites'.

Name the part of neuron through which information travels as an electrical impulses.

biology plant and animal tissues nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. Dendrites

  2. Axon

  3. Schwann cells

  4. Sypase

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
An axon is a long, slender projection of a neuron, that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body in form of a wave of depolarization. The function of the axon is to transmit information to different neurons, muscles and glands.
So, the correct option is 'Axon'.

Centrosome includes a pair of centrioles that help in cell division by spindle formation. The non-dividing cells in human are

biology plant and animal tissues nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. Chondrocytes

  2. Epithelial cells

  3. Neurons

  4. Neuroglial cells

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
A. Chondrocytes are the cells that are found in cartilage. These cells can divide forming a nest of 2-4 cells.
B. Epithelial cells are the cells lining the surfaces of the body. These cells can also divide by mitosis.
C. Neurons or the nerve cells are the largest cells in the body and found in the nervous system. These cells do not have centrioles and hence, do not undergo cell division.
D. Neuroglial cells are the cells in the central nervous system, other than neurons. These cells are meant for the protection of neurons and can divide by mitosis.
Hence, non-dividing cells in humans are neurons.

So, the correct answer is 'Neurons'.

Neurilemma is name for :

biology plant and animal tissues nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. Plasmamembrane of axon

  2. Coating formed by myelin sheath

  3. Covering of schwann cells

  4. Connective tissue covering of nerve fasciculus

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Neurilemma is the outermost covering of Schwann cells that surrounds the axon of the neuron. It is also known as neurolemma.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Covering formed by Schwann cells.'

Which one of the following pairs of structures distinguishes a nerve cell from other cell types?

biology plant and animal tissues nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. Vacuoles and fibres

  2. Flagellum and medullary sheath

  3. Nucleus and mitochondria

  4. Perikaryon and dendrites

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The vacuole is membrane bound organelle present in all plant and fungal cells and some protist, animal and bacterial cells. The flagellum is an appendage, that protrudes from the cell body of certain prokaryotic and some eukaryotic cells. Nucleus and mitochondria are membrane bound organelles present in almost all cells. Perikaryon, also called cyton is the bulbous end of a neuron containing cell nucleus. Dendrites are the short cytoplasmic processes of the cell body of the neuron, which receives stimulus from other neurons. 
So, the correct answer is option D.

In peripheral nervous system, the nerves are made up exclusively from the

biology plant and animal tissues nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. Dendrons

  2. Axons

  3. Nodes of Ranvier

  4. Nissl body

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Nerves are made up of bundles of the axons of nerve cells. A nerve is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of axons (long, slender projections of neurons) in the peripheral nervous system.

'Nodes of Ranvier' are found in 

biology plant and animal tissues nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. Brain

  2. Heart

  3. Axon

  4. Eye

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Nodes of Ranvier are periodic gaps in the insulating sheath (myelin) on the axon of certain neurons, that serves to facilitate the rapid conduction of nerve impulses. 

The action potential propagated by one node of Ranvier jumps to and is regenerated at the next node along the axon, thereby enabling the action potential to travel rapidly along the fiber.