Tag: bio-chemistry

Quizzes (82) Questions (1918)

Questions Related to bio-chemistry

Multiple choice bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups active and passive immunity acquired immunity innate and acquired immunity

Immunocompetence refers to the

  1. ability of the immune system to distinguish self from non-self

  2. differentiation, depending on location of lymphocytes into B- or T-cells

  3. development of receptors on B- and T-cells that are specific for one particular antigenic determinant

  4. ability of helper T-cells to recognize the major histocompatibility complex
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Immunocompetence is the ability of the body to produce a normal immune response following exposure to an antigen. Immunocompetence is the opposite of immunodeficiency.

So, the correct option is 'Development of receptors on B- and T cells that are specific for one particular antigenic determinant'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups active and passive immunity acquired immunity innate and acquired immunity

Primary and secondary immune response are carried out with the help of 

  1. B-Lymphocytes

  2. T-Lymphocytes

  3. Antiviral Proteins

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
The primary immune response can be described as the first response of our body system to a newly introduced foreign agent, while the secondary immune response is defined as an intensified immune response to this previously exposed antigen. The primary and secondary immune response is carried out by following two types of lymphocytes;
1)B-Lymphocytes: responsible for the production of antibodies in our blood. the type of antibodies is IgA. IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM.
2)T-Lymphocytes: These are mediators cell-mediated immunity.
So, the correct answer is 'Option D- Both A and B'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups active and passive immunity acquired immunity innate and acquired immunity

The major difference between humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity is that:

  1. humoral immunity is non-specific, whereas cell-mediated immunity is specific for particular antigens

  2. the agents of humoral immunity are carried in the bloodstream, whereas the cells of the latter are concentrated in lymph nodes

  3. humoral immunity cannot function independently; it is always activated by cell-mediated immunity

  4. humoral immunity acts against free-floating antigens, whereas cell-mediated immunity works against pathogens that. have entered body cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The immune system has two divisions-humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity. The humoral immunity protects against extracellular pathogens while the cell-mediated immunity protects against intracellular pathogens.

so, the correct option is 'humoral immunity acts against free-floating antigens, whereas cell-mediated immunity works against pathogens that have entered body cells'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups active and passive immunity acquired immunity innate and acquired immunity

The cells that actually release antibodies are

  1. Helper T-cells

  2. Cytotoxic T-cells

  3. Plasma cells

  4. Suppressor cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Activated B cells differentiate into either antibody-producing cells called plasma cells that secrete soluble antibody or memory cells that survive in the body for years afterwards in order to allow the immune system to remember an antigen and respond faster upon future exposures.

So, the correct option is 'Plasma cells'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups active and passive immunity acquired immunity innate and acquired immunity

Control of the activated complement components results from

  1. Agglutination

  2. Immune adherence

  3. Instability and inactivation of some of these components

  4. Mobility of phagocytes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The activity of complement components is modulated by a system of regulatory proteins that prevent tissues damage as a result of inadvertent binding of activated complement components to host cells or spontaneous activation of complement components in plasma.

So, the correct option is 'instability and inactivation of some of these components'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry biochemical techniques methods of purification of organic compounds methods of purification - organic compounds chromatography

Osazone formation is used to separate and identify.

  1. Alcohols

  2. Carboxylic acids

  3. Carbohydrates

  4. Starch
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Osazones are characteristic crystalline derivatives formed by the reaction of reducing sugars (carbohydrates) with phenylhydrazine. They are used to identify specific sugars.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry biochemical techniques methods of purification of organic compounds methods of purification - organic compounds chromatography

A mixture of camphor and benzoic acid can be easily separated by?

  1. Sublimation

  2. Fractional distillation

  3. Chemical method

  4. Extraction with solvents
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Aqueous solution of $NaHCO _3$ can be used to separate benzoic acid from its mixture with camphor. Benzoic acid forms water soluble sodium benzoate with $NaHCO _3$. So, A mixture of camphor and benzoic acid can be easily separated by Chemical method.

Option C is correct.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry diseases and immunity antibodies antibodies and antitoxin antigen and antibody

People administered with preformed antibodies get

  1. active immunity

  2. innate immunity

  3. natural immunity

  4. passive immunity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The immune system, which is made up of special cells, proteins, tissues, and organs, defends people against germs and microorganisms every day. In most cases, the immune system does a great job of keeping people healthy and preventing infections. But sometimes problems with the immune system can lead to illness and infection. The immune system is the body's defense against infectious organisms and other invaders. Through a series of steps called the immune response, the immune system attacks organisms and substances that invade body systems and cause disease.  antibodies can activate a group of proteins called complement that are also part of the immune system. Complement assists in killing bacteria, viruses, or infected cells. All of these specialized cells and parts of the immune system offer the body protection against disease. This protection is called immunity.

So the correct option is 'active immunity'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry diseases and immunity antibodies antibodies and antitoxin antigen and antibody

Chemically, an antibody is a

  1. Protein

  2. Lipoprotein

  3. Lipid

  4. Nucleoprotein
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An antibody, also known as an immunoglobulin is a large, Y-shaped protein which is produced mainly by plasma cells and it is used by the immune system to neutralize pathogens such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Antibodies are secreted by B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system, mostly by differentiated B cells called plasma cells. Hence, chemically, an antibody is a protein.

So, the correct answer is 'Protein'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry diseases and immunity antibodies antibodies and antitoxin antigen and antibody

Lysis of foreign cells is mediated through

  1. IgM only

  2. IgA only

  3. IgM and IgG

  4. IgD and IgE
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is one of several forms of the antibody that are produced by vertebrates. IgM is the largest antibody, and it is the first antibody to appear in the response to initial exposure to an antigen. IgM can bind to complement component and activate the classical pathway, leading to opsonization of antigens and cytolysis (lysis of foreign cells).
  • IgG is the most common type of antibody found in blood circulation. IgG molecules are created and released by plasma B cells. Coating of IgG on pathogen surfaces (known as opsonization) allows their recognition and ingestion by phagocytic immune cells leading to the lysis of foreign cells.
So, the correct answer is 'IgM and IgG'.