Tag: life processes in living organisms- part 1

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Questions Related to life processes in living organisms- part 1

Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Fermentation follows glycolysis in some cells when oxygen is not available.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

When oxygen is not available to cells due to rapid metabolism without recovery, instant energy is produced by Fermentation but in fewer amounts.

The pyruvate formed is converted into lactic acid during fermentation in the absence of oxygen.
So, the correct statement is 'Fermentation follows glycolysis in some cells when oxygen is not available.'.

Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given :
Which of these pairs of processes are anaerobic?

  1. Fermentation and glycolysis

  2. Fermentation and the Krebs cycle

  3. Glycolysis and the Krebs cycle

  4. The Krebs cycle and the electron transport system
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Respiration is of two types -

Aerobic respiration - It is the process of complete oxidation of organic foods into carbon dioxide and water in the presence of oxygen. it has three steps ;
  • Glycolysis - It occurs in the cytoplasm in which glucose breaks into two molecules of pyruvate. It occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
  • Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondria where oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate takes place to form acetyl CoA.
  • Electron transport system - Here series of coenzymes and cytochromes acts as a passage of electron.
Anaerobic respiration - It is the process of incomplete oxidation of organic foods. oxygen is not utilized in this process, this occurs in the process of fermentation.
So, the correct option is ' Fermentation and glycolysis'.

Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

RQ in anaerobic respiration is?

  1. $0.7$
  2. $0.9$

  3. Unity

  4. Infinity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

During aerobic respiration, oxygen is consumed and carbon dioxide is released. The ratio of the volume of carbon dioxide given out to the volume of oxygen absorbed in respiration, i.e., CO$ _2$/O$ _2$ is called respiratory quotient (RQ) or respiratory ratio.  in anaerobic respiration, CO2 is evolved but O2 is not consumed, and therefore RQ is infinite (∞).

Equation is as follows:                                               
                            C$ _6$H$ _12$O$ _6$ $\rightarrow$ 2C$ _2$H$ _5$OH + 2CO$ _2$ + energy
RQ CO$ _2$/O$ _2$ = 2/0 = infinity

So the correct option is 'infinity'.

Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

Anaerobic respiration following glycolysis is

  1. Oxidative phosphorylation

  2. Krebs cycle

  3. Fermentation

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Following glycolysis, if the oxygen is available, end products of glycolysis directly enter Krebs' cycle for further oxidation and energy production. In anaerobic conditions, it chooses to get fermented and the end product is another organic substance which is incompletely oxidised, producing less energy.

So, the correct answer is 'Fermentation'.

Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

Which of the following is correct about fermentation?

  1. Bread gets fermented due to formation of lactic acid.
  2. Pulled up appearance of dough is due to production of $CO _2$

  3. Fermentation in muscles produces alcohol

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

During the process of fermentation in the dough, the bacteria and yeast, convert carbohydrates to carbon dioxide resulting in the formation of gas bubbles. The gas bubbles expand inside the dough making it appear larger, which is called leavening. 

So the correct option is 'Pulled up appearance of dough is due to production of $CO _2$'  

Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production
Which of the following describes the significance of fermentation?
(i) Production of alcohol in the brewing industry
(ii) Making of dough in the baking industry
(iii) Curing of tea and tobacco
(iv) Production of vinegar by acetic acid bacteria

  1. (i),(ii) and (iii)

  2. (i),(ii) and (iv)

  3. (i),(iii) and (iv)

  4. (i),(ii),(iii) and (iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Alcoholic fermentation is used in the brewing industry for the production of various types of beer, whiskey and other wines. 
Carbon dioxide of alcoholic fermentation is used in the baking industry for making the bread spongy. 
Tea and tobacco leaves are curved (or removed of their bitterness) and provided with a fine flavor through fermentation. Vinegar is obtained by the fermentation activity of acetic acid bacteria.
So the correct answer is '(i),(ii),(iii) and (iv)'.
Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

Anaerobic respiration is

  1. Complete oxidation

  2. Incomplete oxidation

  3. Anabolic reaction

  4. Fermentation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The process of fermentation is the form of anaerobic respiration carried by some microorganisms. Many microorganisms such as fungus and bacteria can grow and flourish in the complete absence of oxygen. Such microorganisms can utilize sugars to convert it into ethanol and evolve carbon dioxide. Since it is the incomplete breakdown of glucose, it yields small amount of energy which is sufficient to maintain the life of organisms like yeast and bacteria. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'Fermentation'.

Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

The term 'fermentation' was coined by

  1. Cruickshank

  2. Kostytchev

  3. Pasteur

  4. Buchner
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The process of fermentation is the form of anaerobic respiration carried by some microorganisms. Many microorganisms such as fungus and bacteria can grow and flourish in the complete absence of oxygen. Such microorganisms can utilize sugars to convert it into ethanol or other products and evolve carbon dioxide. Cruickshank used the term 'fermentation' for this process of anaerobic respiration by the microorganisms. 

Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

Fermentation by yeast produces

I. Carbon dioxide
II. Oxygen
III. Water
IV. Alcohol

  1. I only

  2. I and II

  3. I, II and III

  4. I, III and IV

  5. I and IV
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Fermentation is a metabolic process occurs in yeast and bacteria. It occurs in the absence of oxygen. The products produced by yeast includes carbon dioxide, water and ethanol. Glycolysis is the first step of fermentation pathways as well which produces pyruvate, however other steps Kreb's cycle etc. does not take place in the absence of oxygen. Hence option D is correct.

This process is extensively used in alcohol industry.