Tag: life processes in living organisms- part 1

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Questions Related to life processes in living organisms- part 1

Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

A sudden change from anaerobic to aerobic process produces ________________.

  1. Pasteur effect

  2. Emerson effect

  3. Blackmans law

  4. Chargaffs rule
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Answer is option A i.e. "Pasteur effect"
Pasteur effect is exhibited in yeast cells during anaerobic fermentation. Pasteur effect influences the rate of glycolysis and occurs in presence of oxygen which  decreases the rate of sugar breakdown in yeast.
While, Blackman's law and Emerson effect is related to determining the rate of  photosynthesis. Chargraff's rule is a rule for base equivalence in DNA.

Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

Fermentation produces

  1. Protein and acetic acid

  2. Alcohol and lipoprotein

  3. Alcohol and lactic acid

  4. Ethers and acetones
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Fermentation is a type of anaerobic respiration that occurs in both plants and animals in the absence of oxygen. The end product is ethyl alcohol in plants and lactic acid in animal cells along with release of CO$ _2$ and energy. Fermentation is not as much energy yielding as aerobic respiration.

So the answer is 'Alcohol and lactic acid'.

Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

Fermentation is

  1. Anaerobic respiration

  2. Incomplete oxidation of carbohydrates

  3. Complete oxidation of carbohydrates

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fermentation is a type of anaerobic respiration in which the breakdown of glucose takes place to release acids, alcohols and other gases in absence of oxygen. It takes place in the cytoplasm.

It involves glycolysis which is the breakdown of glucose to form pyruvic acid which can undergo two different pathways to form the lactic acid or ethanol and carbon dioxide.
So, the correct option is 'Anaerobic respiration'

Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

Pasteur effect is __________________.

  1. Stoppage of fermentation in presence of oxygen

  2. Increase of fermentation in presence of oxygen

  3. Decrease in fermentation in presence of oxygen

  4. No effect on fermentation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Pasteur effect describes the observation that yeast consumes glucose much faster under anaerobic conditions than under aerobic conditions, effectively inhibiting fermentation when oxygen is present.

Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

The energy releasing process in which the substrate is oxidized without an external electron acceptor is called as

  1. Aerobic respiration

  2. Glycolysis

  3. Fermentation

  4. Photorespiration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Fermentation is an energy releasing process in which substrate like sugar is oxidized into organic acids or alcohol without an external electron acceptor. The final electron acceptor is either acetaldehyde or pyruvate. Aerobic respiration is a process in which energy is produced in the presence of oxygen. Glycolysis is a process of converting glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. Photorespiration is a process in which RuBisCO enzyme oxygenates RuBP by wasting some amount of energy.

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

Fermentation refers to

  1. Anaerobic respiration

  2. Incomplete oxidation of carbohydrate

  3. Complete oxidation of carbohydrate

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The process of respiration can be aerobic or anaerobic. The process of anaerobic respiration is also called fermentation. Fermentation is a form of anaerobic respiration in which carbohydrates are incompletely oxidised to either ethanol and carbon dioxide as in yeast or lactic acid as in the muscles of higher vertebrates.

Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

The anaerobic respiration is also called as.

  1. Fermentation

  2. Fragmentation

  3. Oxidation

  4. Reduction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fermentation is an anaerobic process in which energy can be released from glucose even though oxygen is not available. Fermentation occurs in yeast cells, and a form of fermentation takes place in bacteria and in the muscle cells of animals. So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production


Which process produces alcohol or lactate?

  1. Krebs cycle

  2. Glycolysis

  3. Electron transport system

  4. Fermentation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Respiration is of two types :

Aerobic respiration- here oxygen is required for the process to occur. It occurs in the following three steps :
  • Glycolysis
  • Krebs cycle
  • Terminal oxidation
Anaerobic respiration- here oxygen is not required in the process of respiration. In this process, organic food is incompletely degraded without the use of oxygen which later produces ethanol or lactic acid as the end product.
So, the correct option is ' Fermentation'.

Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given :
Which of these is not true of fermentation?

  1. Net gain of only two ATP

  2. Occurs in cytosol

  3. NADH donates electrons to electron transport system

  4. Begins with glucose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Fermentation is the process that takes place after the glycolysis in the cells where the anaerobic respiraton occurs due to absence or lack of oxygen.
  • Pyruvic acid which is formed at the end of the glycolysis by the break down of the glucose molecule enters the fermentation reaction in the anaerobic cells.
  • During fermentation reaction the pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid and one molelcule of NADH is formed per molecule of pyruvic acid.
  • This molecule of NADH will only form ATP when it will undergo oxidative phosphorylation in the electron transport chain which takes place in mitochondria, but for this process presence of oxygen is required so the organisms or the cells performing anaerobic respiration cannot perforem this process therefore the NADH formed will not donate electron to the ETS and no ATP will be formed by that.
  • Therefore the answer option 'NADH donates electrons to electron transport system' is correct.