Tag: measurements and experimentation

Questions Related to measurements and experimentation

A shpere has a mass of 12.2 kg $\pm $ 0.1 kg and radius 10 cm $\pm $ 0.1 cm, h=the maximum % error in density is 

  1. 10%

  2. 2.4%

  3. 3.83%

  4. 4.2%


Correct Option: C

A physical quantity $Q$ is calculated according to the expression
$Q =\dfrac{A^3B^3}{C\sqrt D}$
If percentage errors in $A, B, C, D$ are $2\%, 1\%, 3\%$ and $4\%$ respectively. What is the maximum percentage error in $Q$?

  1. $\pm\ 8\%$

  2. $\pm\ 10\%$

  3. $\pm\ 14\%$

  4. $\pm\ 12\%$


Correct Option: C

If maximum percentage errors in measurement of length, mass and time are 2%,1% respectively then maximum percentage error in kinetic energy will be 

  1. 1 %

  2. 4 %

  3. 7 %

  4. 5 %


Correct Option: A

In an experiment measurements of velocity of an object $\left( {in\;m{s^{ - 1}}} \right)$ are 342,33,318 and 322.The mean absolute error in the measurement is 

  1. 8 $m{s^{ - 1}}$

  2. 4 $m{s^{ - 1}}$

  3. 10 $m{s^{ - 1}}$

  4. 12 $m{s^{ - 1}}$


Correct Option: C

Measurement of two physical quantities are given as 
$x = \left( {4.0\; \pm \;0.4} \right)\;m{s^{ - 1}}$
$Y = \left( {1.0\; \pm \;0.1} \right)\;s$
The value of XY will be.

  1. $\left( {4.0\; \pm \;0.8} \right)\;m$

  2. $\left( {4.0\; \pm \;0.5} \right)\;m$

  3. $\left( {4.0\; \pm \;0.3} \right)\;m$

  4. $\left( {4.0\; \pm \;0.4} \right)\;m$


Correct Option: A

The maximum error in the measurement of mass and density of a cube are 3% and 1% respectively. The maximum error in the measurement of volume will be:

  1. 1%

  2. 2%

  3. 3%

  4. 4%


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

$\displaystyle V=\frac {m}{d}$

$\displaystyle \frac {\Delta V}{V}\times 100=(\frac {\Delta m}{m}+\frac {\Delta d}{d})\times 100=(3+1)=4$%

The time period of oscillation of simple pendulum given by $T = 2\pi\sqrt{\frac{L}{g}}$ where $L= (200 \pm 0.1) cm$. The time period, T =4s and the time of 100 oscillations is measured using a stopwatch of least count 0.1 s. The percentage error in g is

  1. $0.1$%

  2. $1.5$%

  3. $2$%

  4. $4$%


Correct Option: A

The velocity $V$ of a body starting from rest and moving with uniform acceleration a is calculated by the formula $V = \sqrt { 2 a s }$. Here $S$ represents the displacement. If error in measurement of acceleration is 4% and error in measurement of displacement is 2%, then the error in calculation of veiocity is 

  1. 2%

  2. 3%

  3. 6%

  4. 8%


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

\begin{array}{l} According\, to\, \, question............... \ V=\sqrt { 2as }  \ error\, \, in\, \, V=\dfrac { 1 }{ 2 } \left( { error\, in\, \, acceleration\, \, +\, error\, \, in\, \, displacement } \right)  \ error\, \, in\, \, V=\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \left( { 4\, \, +\, 2 } \right)  \ \therefore \, \, \, \, error\, \, in\, \, V=\dfrac { 6 }{ 2 } =3 percent\ so\, \, the\, \, \, correct\, \, option\, \, is\, \, B. \end{array}

The current voltage relation of diode is given by $I=\left( { e }^{ 1000V/T }-1 \right)mA$, where the applied voltage $V$ is in kelvin. If a student makes an error measuring $\pm 0.01V$ while measuring the current of $5mA$ at $300k$, what will be the error in the value of current in mA?

  1. $0.2mA$

  2. $0.02mA$

  3. $0.5mA$

  4. $0.05mA$


Correct Option: C

Zero error of an instrument introduces:

  1. Systematic errors

  2. Random errors

  3. Both

  4. None


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Random errors in experimental measurements are caused by unknown and unpredictable changes in the experiment.
Systematic errors in experimental observations usually come from the measuring instruments.
Thus zero error is recognized as the systematic error (factual).