Tag: geography

Biofuels are fuels which are in some way derived from biomass. The term covers solid biomass, liquid fuels and various biogases and also denotes biodiesel, bioalcohol and biogasoline. More advanced and efficient conversion technologies now allow the extraction of biofuels from materials such as wood, crops and waste material. 

The listed substances (Lignite, Garnet, Zircon, etc.) are all naturally occurring minerals found in Tamil Nadu, making them major mineral resources.

The soils of Tamil Nadu may be grouped into five types. They are:

1. Alluvial Soils:  The soils develop from the weathering material transported by rivers from their catchment areas and deposited in their basins during floods.
2. Black Soils:  The soils are residual soils derived from the rocks of Deccan Trap, Rajmahal Trap, ferruginous gneisses and schists under semi-arid conditions.
3. Red Soil: The soils have developed on crystalline rocks by prolonged weathering in hot climate.
4. Laterite Soils: The soils are residual soils developed on aluminum-rich rocks e.g. greisze, sandstone, granite and basaltic rocks in regions of high rainfall with alternating wet and dry seasons.
5. Forest, peat and organic soils: Forest soils develop in areas under heavy forest cover. Peat and organic soils develop in waterlogged, swampy or marshy areas.

• Source of energy at Ennore power station is Thermal power. The station is located in Tamil Nadu.
  
• Source of energy at Rawatbhata power station is Nuclear power. This power station is located in Rajasthan.
  
• Source of energy at Kopili power station is Hydel power. This station is located in Assam.
  
• Source of energy at Nagercoil power station is wind. This station is located in Tamil Nadu.
  

There are 18 sugar mills in Tamil Nadu that utilize bagasse (a byproduct of sugarcane processing) for energy production.

Davangere is called as Manchester of Karnataka. It is called so due to its numerous cotton mills, many of which were of national and international repute. Availability of cotton led to the establishment of many cotton mills in the city. 

The Jindal Vijayanagar Steel Plant is located in Torangal, Ballari district, and was established in 2001.

The Mysore Iron and Steel Limited (MISL), now Visvesvaraya Iron and Steel Plant, was the first iron and steel industry in Karnataka, established in Bhadravathi.

The agro-based industry includes industries related to textiles, sugar, paper and vegetable oil. These industries use agricultural products as their raw materials.

The Shivanasamudra hydro-electric power project, established in 1902, was the first of its kind in Asia and spurred industrial growth in Karnataka.