World Leaders and Politicians

G. P. Koirala was a prominent politician and Prime Minister of Nepal, but he was never the King of Nepal. The others listed were monarchs.

Michelle Bachelet, daughter of General Bachelet was elected as President of Chile in January 2006. A medical doctor and a moderate socialist, Michelle became the first woman to be a Defence Minister in Latin America.

Nepal witnessed an extraordinary popular movement in 1990s. The movement was aimed at restoring democracy. Although the king formally remained the head of the state, the real power was exercised by popularly elected representatives. King Birendra, who had accepted this transition from absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy, was killed in a mysterious massacre of the royal family in 2001. 

King Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev was the last king of Nepal, in the line of Shah Dynasty. In April 2006, King Gyanendra was forced to give up his absolute rule following wide spread protests. He was stripped from all his political and cultural rights. On 28th May 2008, Nepal was declared a federal democratic republic by the newly elected Constituent Assembly. Hence, option E is the correct answer.

The U.S.-Soviet Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, known as START, was signed on July 31, 1991 by U.S. President George H.W. Bush and Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev. START negotiated the largest and most complex arms control treaty in history, and its final implementation in late 2001 resulted in the removal of about 80 percent of all strategic nuclear weapons then in existence.

The name 'United Nations', coined by US president Franklin D. Roosevelt was first used in a Declaration by the UN in 1942.

The main architect of the League of Nations was Woodrow Wilson. The  League of Nations was established on 10 January 1920, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.

Franklin D. Roosevelt is credited with coining the term United Nations to describe the Allied countries during World War II. It was first used in the 1942 Declaration by United Nations.

Nazis wanted only a society of ‘pure and healthy Nordic Aryans’. They alone were considered ‘desirable’. Only they were seen as worthy of prospering and multiplying against all others who were classed as ‘undesirable’. 

Prussia took on the leadership of the movement for national unification. Its chief minister, Otto von Bismarck, was the architect of this process carried out with the help of the Prussian army and bureaucracy. Three wars over seven years-with Austria, Denmark and France-ended in Prussian victory and completed the process of unification.

Mazzini is called 'Prophet of Italian Unification'. He established Young Italy movement. He preached the idea that Italian unification can only be possible with the foreign help and Austria is the biggest obstacle to unification.

Chief Minister Cavour who led the movement to unify the regions of Italy was neither a revolutionary nor a democrat. Like many other wealthy and educated members of the Italian elite, he spoke French much better than he did Italian. Through a tactful diplomatic alliance with France engineered by Cavour, Sardinia-Piedmont succeeded in defeating the Austrian forces in 1859.

Sir Stafford Cripps was the leader of House of Common and a member of British War Cabinet. He lead one Mission to India in 1942 under his name Cripps Mission.

The Cripps mission was an attempt in late March 1942 by the British government to secure full Indian cooperation and support for their efforts in World War II. The mission was headed by Sir Stafford Cripps, a senior left-wing politician and government minister in the War Cabinet of Prime Minister Winston Churchill.

A change of government took place in Britain in May 1940. Winston Churchill became Prime Minister and Leo Amery took over as Secretary of State for India.